In this paper the notions of bipolar valued fuzzy subsemigroup, bipolar valued fuzzy bi-ideal, bipolar valued fuzzy (1,2)ideal and bipolar valued fuzzy ideal in a Γ-semigroup have been introduced. Some important characterizations are also obtained. Mathematics Subject Classification: 20M12, 03F55, 03E72

Berstel and Pin have characterized local languages by introducing local automaton. In this paper fuzzy local language is introduced and the fuzzy local languages recognized by partial fuzzy local automata in max-min and min-max compositions are studied. Some closure properties of fuzzy local languages are provided. Mathematics Subject Classification: 68Q45

In this paper, we investigate the nexus between life insurance and suicide behavior using OECD cross-country data from 1980 to 2002. Through semiparametric instrumental variable regressions with fixed effects, we find that for the majority of observations, there exists a positive relationship between suicide rate and life insurance density (premium per capita). Since life insurance policies pay...