Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) and mouse ear cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) both produce siliques that are morphologically similar to each other: a long cylindrical silique composed of two fused carpels. Despite this external similarity, the bittercress capsules have the ability to discharge their seed explosively, whereas the siliques of mouse ear cress only crack open along the suture lines to...

Kelp forests provide essential habitats for organisms in temperate rocky shores. Loss of kelp forests has occurred over large areas in a number of temperate regions, including in Australia, where the dominant kelp Ecklonia radiata has been lost from substantial areas of the shoreline. Loss of E. radiata has been associated with environmental stressors, including increased temperature and anthro...

Very little is known about how products derived from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of municipal waste affect availability and uptake nitrogen in plant nutrition. This study examined effects 60% sewage sludge 40% food HTC products, i.e., biochar (BC) process water (PW), as sources on garden cress growth quality. A fertilization program using four doses [(control), 9, 12, 15 kg da−1 N] BC,...

abstract in order to evaluate the effects of rice conventional herbicides on rotational second crops (lettuce, cress, clover, canola and radish), soil microbial biomass and diversity, a field and glasshouse experiments were conducted in mazandaran province and research glasshouse of ferdowsi university of mashhad, respectively. five experiments were carried out for 5 second crop separately with...

Neem (Azadirachta indica) has been widely used as a traditional medicine and several bioactive compounds have been isolated from this species, but to date no potent allelopathic active substance has been reported. Therefore, we investigated possible allelopathic property and phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity in neem. An aqueous methanol extract of neem leaves inhibited the growth...

Rattus norvegicus (R. norvegicus) are ubiquitous and their presence has several effects on the human populations in our urban areas on a global scale. Both historically and presently, this close interaction has facilitated the dissemination of many pathogens to humans, making screening for potentially zoonotic and emerging viruses in rats highly relevant. We have investigated faecal samples fro...

Reactive oxygen species are increasingly perceived as players in plant development and plant hormone signalling pathways. One of these species, superoxide, is produced in the apoplast by respiratory burst oxidase homologues (rbohs), a family of proteins that is conserved throughout the plant kingdom. Because of the availability of mutants, the focus of research into plant rbohs has been on Arab...