This paper tries to estimate the capital investment required for the fixed-telephony network switching equipment as demanded by the fourth national development plan. As a first step, the Cobb-Douglas model is used as a successful demand forecasting model to estimate the demand over the target years. Then, an architectural plan is developed for the fixed-telephony switching network that takes in...

This paper tries to estimate the capital investment required for the fixed-telephony network switching equipment as demanded by the fourth national development plan. As a first step, the Cobb-Douglas model is used as a successful demand forecasting model to estimate the demand over the target years. Then, an architectural plan is developed for the fixed-telephony switching network that takes in...

Forests are important interfaces between soil and atmosphere as they play a significant role in the water and gas exchanges (mainly O2 and CO2). Due to their capabilities in reducing evaporation from the surfaces and to intercept rainfalls, they are able to substantially modify the moisture behaviour of underneath soils. On the other hand, the moisture conditions of soils influence the evapotra...

Food engineering deals with manufacturing, packaging and distributing systems for drug and food products. In this work, we discuss about the applicability of membrane systems to model environmental conditions and their effects on the produces during storage of fresh fruits and vegetables. In particular, we are interested in abstract molecular interactions that occur between produce, film and su...

Introduction: The high solubility of xenon in biological tissues, combined with an exquisite sensitivity to its environment that results in an enormous range of chemical shifts upon solution, make hyperpolarized Xe129 particularly attractive for exploring characteristics of lung function, such as gas exchange, that are not accessible by using hyperpolarized He3. With improvements in gas-polariz...

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From 1965 to 1990, spending on medical care rose from 5.9 to 12.2 percent of gross national product. This rise was the consequence of greatly expanded government and government subsidized private insurance coverage operating in an environment where payments for insured care by and large covered whatever costs were incurred. As a result, the personal consumption of medical care experienced both ...

Extending the results of a previous work, we consider a class of discrete lattice gas models in a finite interval whose bulk dynamics consists of stochastic exchanges which conserve the particle number, and with stochastic dynamics at the boundaries chosen to model infinite particle reservoirs at fixed chemical potentials. We establish here the local equilibrium structure of the stationary meas...

The breaking of wind-generated waves plays a significant role in the exchanges of momentum, heat, water vapour, and gas between the atmosphere and the ocean. Breaking waves entrain air into the surface water forming bubbles, which manifests itself as a whitecap on the ocean surface. Whitecap measurements in the open ocean are sparse and are limited to Monahan and Muircheartaigh, (1980), the war...

Using Path Integral Monte Carlo, we have calculated exchange frequencies as electrons undergo ring exchanges of 2, 3, and 4 electrons in a “clean” 3D Wigner crystal (bcc lattice) as a function of density. We find pair exchange dominates and estimate the critical temperature for the transition to antiferromagnetic ordering to be roughly 1310−8 Ry at melting. In contrast to the situation in 2D, t...