The startup characteristics of plasmatron reformers with gasoline fuel for the generation of hydrogen rich gas is discussed. A brief set of experiments has been carried out at a single fuel and air flow rate. The air/fuel mixture preparation, especially the implications of the gasoline vaporization, has been modeled using a CFD code.

From the viewpoints of securing a stable supply of energy and protecting our global environment in the future, the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation of various gasifying methods has been introduced in the world. Gasified fuels are chiefly characterized by the gasifying agents and the synthetic gas cleanup methods and can be divided into four types. The calorific val...

One of the options being examined in last decades in the development of environmentally sustainable, energy-efficient and lightweight vehicles is the replacement of piston engines by gas turbine engines, especially in hybrid vehicles. A lot of effort has been consistently put in design and production of concept hybrid automobiles powered by gas turbine engines by leading automobile producers su...

The design and operation of a differential polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is described. The fuel cell design is based on coupled stirred tank reactors (STRs) coupled through a membrane; the gas phase in each reactor compartment is well mixed. The characteristic times for reactant flow, gas phase diffusion, and reaction were chosen so that the gas compositions at both the anode and...

Electrochemistry on gases originated in 1839 with Grove's "gaseous voltaic battery". Over 90 years later, Bacon built a demonstration fuel cell consisting of porous nickel electrodes. He is credited with creating a stable three phase reaction zone of electrode, gas, and electrolyte. Today's fuel cell electrodes are far more sophisticated and lend themselves to other important electrochemical pr...

In recent years significant progress has been made in the development of market applications for hydrogen fuel use in gas turbines. These applications include integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and other types of process/power plants. Development of a new application using gas turbines for significant reduction of power plant CO2 emissions has initiated extensive efforts to expand th...

Objectives • Research, develop, assemble, and test a 50 kW net polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack system comprised of a PEM fuel cell stack and the supporting gas, thermal, and water management subsystems. The PEM fuel cell stack system will be capable of integration with at least one of the fuel processors currently under development by Hydrogen Burner Technology (HBT) and Arth...

Fuel cells, process heat integration and open gas turbine electricity cogeneration can be optimized simultaneously using nonlinear programming (NLP) algorithm. The NLP model contains equations of structural and parametric optimization and is used to optimize complex and energy intensive continuous processes. The procedure does not guarantee the global cost optimum, but it does lead to good, per...

The vast majority of the world's fossil fuel trace gas emission sources can be detected and mapped using nighttime low light imaging data from the U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS). This includes human settlements, industrial and commercial facilities, and gas flares. Nocturnal lighting could be regarded as one of the defining featu...