One of the major complications of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), which is caused by donor type lymphocytes which react against the recipient’s tissues. An important factor which influences GvHD is the recipient's gastrointestinal microflora. This was originally observed in gnotobiotic mice. Infusion of 107 H-2 incompatible bone marrow cells int...

OBJECTIVE To determine the comparative efficacy of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in critically ill surgical and medical patients, and in selected subgroups of surgical patients with pancreatitis, major burn injury, and those undergoing major elective surgery and transplantation. DATA SOURCES The MEDLINE database was searched from January 1966 to December 1996 using the term...

Studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of various decontamination technologies against virulent B. anthracis and surrogate spores within small, bench-scale chambers. This study assessed an approach for evaluating room-scale (~2,700 ft3) decontamination efficacy of vaporous hydrogen peroxide fumigation against B. anthracis Ames and B. subtilis spores deposited onto porous and non-...

In order to assess the role of NOD2/CARD15 variants on the long term outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in a genetically homogenous group, we extended our previous study (cohort I, n=78) and typed DNA from additional 225 recipients and their HLA-identical sibling donors (cohort II) from 4 European centres for NOD2/CARD15 SNPs. Results of genotyping were compared with clinical outco...

Many irrigation ponds in Fukushima Prefecture were decontaminated due to the contamination of radiocesium released from Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. To evaluate impact decontamination on 137Cs dynamics an urban pond Koriyama City, Prefecture, Japan, temporal changes concentrations bottom sediments and water investigated before after bottom-sediment removal. Post-decontamination, inventories dec...

Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials of selective digestive decontamination have clinical outcome measures, mainly pneumonia and mortality. This meta-analysis has a microbiological endpoint and explores the impact of selective digestive decontamination on Gram-negative and Gram-positive carriage and severe infections. We searched electronic databases, Cochrane Register of Controlled Tr...

The aim of this study was to develop a test system to evaluate the effectiveness of procedures for decontamination of respirators contaminated with viral droplets. MS2 coliphage was used as a surrogate for pathogenic viruses. A viral droplet test system was constructed, and the size distribution of viral droplets loaded directly onto respirators was characterized using an aerodynamic particle s...

AIM The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to study the effect of implant surface decontamination with chlorhexidine (CHX)/cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on microbiological and clinical parameters. MATERIAL & METHODS Thirty patients (79 implants) with peri-implantitis were treated with resective surgical treatment consisting of apically re-positioned flap...

The gastrointestinal tract is believed to play an important role in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), because during critical illness the stomach often is colonized with enteric Gram-negative bacteria. These are the same bacteria that frequently are isolated from the sputum of patients with VAP. Interventions such as selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD), use of sucralfate...