There are several Global Climate Models (GCMs) reported by various countries to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Due to the varied nature of the GCM assumptions, the future projections of the GCMs show high variability which makes it difficult to come up with confident projections into the future. Climate scientists combine these multiple GCMs to minimize the variability an...

Discerning the processes influencing geographical patterns of species richness remains one of the central goals of modern ecology. Traditional approaches to exploring these patterns have focused on environmental and ecological correlates of observed species richness. Recently, some have suggested these approaches suffer from the lack of an appropriate null model that accounts for species ranges...

Suhu kolom Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) merupakan salah satu variabel yang harus diperhatikan pada analisis senyawa kimia, agar terpisahkan dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu terprogram optimum asam lemak menggunakan instrumen GCMS. Sampel digunakan berasal dari hasil ekstrak mikroalga Chlorella. Ekstrasi Chlorella dilakukan cara sonikasi selama 60 menit ...

Climate change information is essential for water resources management planning, and the majority of research available uses the global circulation model (GCM) data to project future water balance. Despite the fact that the results of various GCMs are still heterogeneous, it is common to utilize GCM values directly in climate change impact assessment models. To mitigate these limitations, this ...

Total circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D)] has been associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer. The physiologic mechanism, however, may be more directly related to the free or bioavailable fraction of 25(OH)D, which is influenced by levels of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). We assessed the association of prediagnosis total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D and VDBP with colorectal ca...

The present study was undertaken to study the statistical optimization of medium components for improved Indole-3acetic acid (IAA) production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colorimetric analysis showed maximum IAA (132 μg mL-1) in the medium supplemented with tryptophan (0.5 g L-1). The maximum production was achieved after 96 h of incubation. Yeast extract, tryptophan and EDTA were identified as s...

The lipid profiles and fatty acid composition of fish eggs (roes) from two common freshwater fish species viz., catla (Catla catla) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) have been studied. The total lipid of the egg was extracted using chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) and was separated into neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids using silica gel column chromatography. The fatty acid composition o...

Dynamic Head Space methodology was applied to evaluate the possible contribution of some volatile compounds to the development of boar taint in pig backfat samples with low concentrations of skatole and androstenone, but which had previously been classified as tainted by a trained test panel. Volatile compounds were collected in a trap of graphited charcoal and analysed by GC-MS in Scan mode. A...

During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), Western North America experienced episodes of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well documented in many proxy records, but the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. General circulation models (GCMs) simulate megadroughts, but do not reproduce the temporal clustering of events during the MCA, sugges...

Many features of the general circulation of the atmosphere shift upward in response to warming in simulations of climate change with both general circulation models (GCMs) and cloud-system-resolving models. The importance of the upward shift is well known, but its physical basis and the extent to which it occurs coherently across variables are not well understood. A transformation is derived he...