The paper summarizes the current status of the reporter gene technology and their basics. Reporter gene technology is widely used to monitor cellular events associated with gene expression and signal transduction. Based upon the splicing of transcriptional control elements to a variety of reporter genes, it “reports” the effects of a cascade of signaling events on gene expression inside cells. ...

A current challenge in system biology is to infer the regulation network of a family of p genes from a n-sample of microarrays, with n (much) smaller than p. Gaussian graphical models are simple models to describe these regulation networks. We propose a procedure that performs Gaussian graph estimation by model selection. We introduce a collection of candidate graphs and then select one of them...

For all living cells, regulation of gene expression by extracellular signals is a fundamental mechanism of development, homeostasis, and adaptation to the environment. Indeed, the ultimate step in many signal transduction pathways is the modification of transcription factors that can alter the expression of specific genes. Thus, neurotransmitters, growth factors, and drugs are all capable of al...

As our ability to tinker with cellular components increases, the possibility of designing and controlling the functioning of living systems seems closer than ever. In the pioneering monograph ‘What is life?’, Erwin Schrödinger pointed out the now obvious fact that living organisms obey the well-established laws of physics (Schrödinger, 1945). Yet, there is a long way from the atomic interaction...

The physiologically coordinated expression of our genome requires exquisite regulation of gene specificity. Recent advances demonstrate that this formidable task is accomplished by diverse mechanisms and networks that operate at distinct levels within the nucleus.

abstract background: selectable marker gene (smg) systems are critical for generation of transgenic crops. transgenic crop production background: selectable marker gene (smg) systems are critical for generation of transgenic crops. transgenic crop production without using smg is not economically feasible. however, smgs are non-essential once an intact transgenic plant has been established. elim...

www.sciencedirect.com At the close of a 1973 meeting on Chromosome Structure and Function, an observer commented that chromosomes resembled ‘‘a bad day at a macaroni factory’’ [1]. But things change. Only a few months later nucleosomes were discovered and within just a few more years it began to be appreciated that the nucleus is organized as functionally distinct domains. Even the regions betw...

Understanding the genetic architecture of speciation is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Hybrid dysfunction is thought to arise most commonly through negative interactions between alleles at two or more loci. Divergence between interacting regulatory elements that affect gene expression (i.e., regulatory divergence) may be a common route for these negative interactions to arise. We review ...

 Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes alter their patterns of gene expression in response to changes in environmental conditions.  In multicellular eukaryotes, each cell type contains the same genome but expresses a different subset of genes.  During development, gene expression must be carefully regulated to ensure that the right genes are expressed only at the correct time and in the correct pl...