We present a theory of designs based on functions from the state space to real numbers, which we term distributions. This theory uses predicates, in the style of UTP, based on homogeneous relations between distributions, and is richer than the standard UTP theory of designs as it allows us to reason about probabilistic programs; the healthiness conditions H1–H4 of the standard theory are implic...

Commercial food packages may contain multiple messages. Packaging designers try to integrate all messages into a coherent design. Designers use text, images or stylistic features, but these mediums differ in their suitability communicate specific product benefits. To evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of three mediums, we not only obtained consumer evaluations packaging designs, also mon...

Our skin health and its resilience against assaults (pollution, climatic conditions, pathogens) rests mainly on the epidermis microbiome. Indeed, is colonized by commensal beneficial microorganisms called This complex ecosystem a shield for our ensuring protective functions while educating immune system. Unfortunately, when both microbiome are fragilized diseases occur. Thus, taking care of cru...

The overall aim of this dissertation was to study the public’s preferences for forest regeneration fellings and field afforestations, as well as to find out the relations of these preferences to landscape management instructions, to ecological healthiness, and to the contemporary theories for predicting landscape preferences. This dissertation includes four case studies in Finland, each based o...