In this paper which is an extension of the work [1], we study the conditions required for validity of the generalized second law in phantom dominated universe in the presence of Schwarzschild black hole. Our study is independent of the origin of the phantom like behavior of the considered universe. We also discuss the generalized second law in the neighborhood of transition (from quintessence t...

When investigating health disparities, it can be of interest to explore whether adjustment for socioeconomic factors at the neighborhood level can account for, or even reverse, an unadjusted difference. Recently, we proposed new methods to adjust the effect of an individual-level covariate for confounding by unmeasured neighborhood-level covariates using complex survey data and a generalization...

In this paper, We interpret a fuzzy differential equation by using the strongly generalized differentiability concept. Utilizing the Generalized characterization Theorem. Then a novel hybrid method based on learning algorithm of fuzzy neural network for the solution of differential equation with fuzzy initial value is presented. Here neural network is considered as a part of large field called ...

Various nonlinear, fixed-neighborhood techniques based on local statistics have been proposed in the literature for filtering noise in color images. We present adaptive-neighborhood filtering (ANF) techniques for noise removal in color images. The main idea is to find for each pixel (called the “seed” when being processed) a variable-shaped, variable-sized neighborhood that contains only pixels...

We introduce the concept of neighborhood systems as a generalization of directed, reflexive graphs and show that the prime factorization of neighborhood systems with respect to the the direct product is unique under the condition that they satisfy an appropriate notion of thinness.

Although associations between a person's neighborhood and their health have been studied internationally, most studies have been limited to a few cities or towns. Therefore, we used a nationally representative sample to explore whether perceived and objective neighborhood walkability was associated with the physical activity of residents. Data were analyzed from the Japanese General Social Surv...

In this paper, we investigate two L-neighborhood systems induced by an Lfuzzy topology in a complete residuated lattice L. We study the relationships among L-fuzzy topology, L-topologies and L-neighborhood systems. Finally, we give their examples. AMS Subject Classification: 03E72, 06A15, 06F07, 54A05

In this paper which is an extension of the work [1], we study the conditions required for validity of the generalized second law in phantom dominated universe in the presence of Schwarzschild black hole. Our study is independent of the origin of the phantom like behavior of the considered universe. We also discuss the generalized second law in the neighborhood of transition (from quintessence t...

This paper presents a novel probabilistic method for recommending items in the neighborhoodbased collaborative filtering framework. For the probabilistic neighborhood selection phase, we use an efficient method for weighted sampling of k neighbors without replacement that also takes into consideration the similarity levels between the target user and the candidate neighbors. We conduct an empir...