نتایج جستجو برای: genomic instability
تعداد نتایج: 199899 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
R-loops are harmful structures with a negative impact on transcription and recombination during mitosis, but no information exists for meiosis. We used Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans THO mutants as a tool to determine the consequences of R-loops in meiosis. We found that both S. cerevisiae and C. elegans THO mutants show defective meiosis and an impairment of premeiotic rep...
UNLABELLED Telomere length is considered to be a risk factor in adults due to its proved association with cancer incidence and mortality. Since newborn present a wide interindividual variation in mean telomere length, it is relevant to demonstrate if these differences in length can act also as an early risk indicator. To answer this question, we have measured the mean telomere length of 74 samp...
Genomic instability is a fundamental feature of human cancer often resulting from impaired genome maintenance. In prostate cancer, structural genomic rearrangements are a common mechanism driving tumorigenesis. However, somatic alterations predisposing to chromosomal rearrangements in prostate cancer remain largely undefined. Here, we show that SPOP, the most commonly mutated gene in primary pr...
The 'centromere-from-telomere' hypothesis proposed by Villasante et al. [2007a] aims to explain the evolutionary origin of the eukaryotic chromosome. The hypothesis is based on the notion that the process of eukaryogenesis was initiated by adaptive responses of the symbiont eubacterium and its archaeal host to their new conditions. The adaptive responses included fragmentation of the circular g...
Aneuploidy has recently been proposed as an initiating event for carcinogenesis. There is significant evidence that carcinogenic metals induce aneuploidy. Here we review the mechanisms for how carcinogenic metals may induce aneuploidy and the evidence that carcinogenic metals induce an aneugenic effect which can destabilize the genome leading to genomic instability and cancer.
There is wide-spread interest in understanding the rate of transposable element movement within populations and between species. A recent study using interprecific crosses between D. buzzatii and D. koepferae indicated that transposition rates in hybrids may be quite high. However, we suggest caution should be taken in this interpretation since AFLP methods to detect transposition events may le...
G-rich regions have the potential to form G4 DNA upon replication, which can lead to genomic instability. FANCJ, a G4 DNA helicase, has been shown to be critical for the stability of regions that match the G4 signature motif by experiments analyzing its nematode homolog.
A recent pilot study that we performed on 12 individuals who are involved in the cultivation and processing of grains and legumes suggests to us that we may have in hand a relatively quick, inexpensive, and highly sensitive assay that identifies individuals at increased risk for the development of lymphoid malignancy. The generation of this assay evolved from our interest in the causes and cons...
In order to maintain genome integrity, it is essential that any DNA damage is repaired. This is achieved in diverse ways in all cells to ensure cellular survival. There is a large repertoire of proteins that remove and repair DNA damage. However, sometimes these processes do not function correctly, leading to genome instability. Studies of DNA repair and genome instability and their causes and ...
There is a striking link between increasing age and the incidence of cancer in humans. One of the hallmarks of cancer, genomic instability, has been observed in all types of organisms. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it was recently discovered that during the replicative lifespan, aging cells switch to a state of high genomic instability that persists until they die. In considering these...
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