نتایج جستجو برای: genotypic
تعداد نتایج: 13093 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Elucidation of the molecular basis of isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has led to the development of different genotypic approaches for the rapid detection of INH resistance in clinical isolates. Mutations in katG, in particular the S315T substitution, are responsible for INH resistance in a large proportion of tuberculosis cases. However, the frequency of the katG S315T...
We investigated the role of the number of loci coding for a neutral trait on the release of additive variance for this trait after population bottlenecks. Different bottleneck sizes and durations were tested for various matrices of genotypic values, with initial conditions covering the allele frequency space. We used three different types of matrices. First, we extended Cheverud and Routman's m...
Pinus wallichiana dominated forest communities, located in the Hindukush ranges of Swat, Pakistan were analysed for variability in the cone and seed traits. The results disclosed significant variability in mean values, critical difference, coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability, genetic gain and genetic advance. Genotypic variance (Vg) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) wer...
While plant species diversity can reduce herbivore densities and herbivory, little is known regarding how plant genotypic diversity alters resource utilization by herbivores. Here, we show that an invasive folivore--the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica)--increases 28 per cent in abundance, but consumes 24 per cent less foliage in genotypic polycultures compared with monocultures of the common...
Previous genetic studies of food allergy (FA) have mainly focused on inherited genotypic effects. The role of parental genotypic effects remains largely unexplored. Leveraging existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data generated from the Chicago Food Allergy Study, we examined maternal genotypic and parent-of-origin (PO) effects using multinomial likelihood ratio tests in 588 complete a...
Several genotypic interpretation scores have been proposed for the evaluation of susceptibility to lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) but have not been compared using an independent data set. This study was a retrospective multicenter cohort of patients initiating LPV/r-based therapy. The virologic response (VR) was defined as a viral load of <500 copies/ml at week 24. The genotypic interpretation sco...
A major locus that is detected through its effect on one phenotype (a primary trait) may also affect other quantitative phenotypes or qualitative disease endpoints (secondary traits). The pattern of effects of the major locus on a set of primary and secondary traits suggests candidate defects for the mutant allele. The effects are directly estimable when "measured genotypes" or a tightly linked...
BACKGROUND In the emerging field of community and ecosystem genetics, genetic variation and diversity in dominant plant species have been shown to play fundamental roles in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function. However, the importance of intraspecific genetic variation and diversity to floral abundance and pollinator visitation has received little attention. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL F...
To understand how evolving systems bring forth novel and useful phenotypes, it is essential to understand the relationship between genotypic and phenotypic change. Artificial evolving systems can help us understand whether the genotype-phenotype maps of natural evolving systems are highly unusual, and it may help create evolvable artificial systems. Here we characterize the genotype-phenotype m...
In most genetic studies in humans the variability in a quantitative trait is adjusted for variability in concomitants (age, sex, etc) using a single regression equation prior to analyses of pedigree data. To illustrate an alternative approach, a single locus genetic model was tested. This model incorporates genotypic effects on the level of the trait, the variability in the trait, and the relat...
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