The origin of eusociality in haplo-diploid organisms such as Hymenoptera has been mostly explained by kin selection. However, several studies have uncovered decreased relatedness values within colonies, resulting primarily from multiple queen matings (polyandry) and/or from the presence of more than one functional queen (polygyny). Here, we report on the use of microsatellite data for the inves...

the monobasic genus sphaeropothrips is recorded in iran for the first time. this is the fourth member of the thrips genus-group recorded from iran, and a key is provided to distinguish these four genera. information about these four genera is provided, and some problems in the recognition of true host-plant associations in iran are discussed.

thegenus achillea is one of the most important medicinal plants in the asteraceae family. nineteen species of this genus have been described in the flora iranica, of which achillea aucheri boiss is an endemic species to iran. given the effect of geographic location on the quality and yield of essential oil, we performed an investigation to determine oil contents of a. aucheri growing at differe...

Eiji Watanabe, Takeshi Y. Hiyama, Hidetada Shimizu, Ryuji Kodama, Noriko Hayashi, Seiji Miyata, Yuchio Yanagawa, Kunihiko Obata, and Masaharu Noda Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, and Laboratory of Morphodiversity, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi; School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Aichi; Departme...

The Early Permian recumbirostran lepospondyl Rhynchonkos stovalli has been identified as a possible close relative of caecilians due to general similarities in skull shape as well as similar robustness of the braincase, a hypothesis that implies the polyphyly of extant lissamphibians. In order to better assess this phylogenetic hypothesis, we studied the morphology of the holotype and three spe...

Background and objectives: Chromatography fingerprinting is considered as a comprehensive method for quality control, diagnosis and the nature of herbal drugs, and it is important to classify the different samples of medicinal plants and determine the chemical species present in them. Methods: In this research, a new strategy based on the combination of multiva...

When it was initially proposed, at the October 1979 annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, that a Committee on Accreditation of Fellowship Programs in Forensic Psychiatry be created, it was not immediately clear that the project would be carried through to completion. The first two persons who were approached with the suggestion that the topic be presented at either t...