Elephant crop raiding is one of the most relevant forms of human-elephant conflict (HEC) in Africa. Northern Botswana holds the largest population of African elephants in the world, and in the eastern Okavango Panhandle, 16,000 people share and compete for resources with more than 11,000 elephants. Hence, it is not surprising this area represents a HEC 'hotspot' in the region. Crop-raiding impa...

A wired fence based intrusion detection and alerting mechanism for boundaries separating wildlife habitats and human settlements was implemented, particularly as a solution to the Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC). The objective of the research reported in this paper is to propose and verify an alternative technique for this wired fence based alerting mechanism to overcome its limitations and to im...

BACKGROUND Antiemetic triplet therapy including dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used for patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). In Japan, the appropriate dose of DEX has not been established for this combination. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess the efficacy and safety of increased-dose DEX, we retrospectively examined patients receiving HEC with antiemetic triplet therapy. R...

A thermosensitive polymer can be held liquid before being injected to deliver living cells or therapeutic agents and formed monolithic gels when injected in vivo. In this study, chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogels were prepared, characterized and the biocompatibility for culturing mice bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) on 2D films and within 3D hydrogel were investigated. The gelation tem...

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) is a widely used software application for performing one-dimensional and two-dimensional steady and unsteady flow river hydraulics calculations, sediment transport-mobile bed modeling, and water quality analysis. User’s of HEC-RAS have often unique applications including the coupling with other sof...

Many cities have been built along large rivers. The rivers can provide a source of drinking water, act as receiving water for treated effluent, provide navigation for shipping, and other beneficial uses. However, the city must also be protected from flooding due to the close proximity to the river. Hydrologic analysis plays a crucial role in the development of plans for protecting a river city....

OBJECTIVES In this study, we have established an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) coculture, where normal endometrial stromal cells and endometrial cancer cells were cocultured under defined hormonal conditions, to investigate the potential paracrine effects on synthesis and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and, thus, cancer invasion. METHODS Endometrial stromal cells were obtaine...

In this paper, we present a conceptual framework of human–elephant conflict (HEC) management embodying community aspects gleaned from the importance–performance analysis (IPA) for National Park in Vietnam. Nine approaches were proposed to prevent and mitigate HEC (HEC indicators), which six fell into different quadrants based on respective estimations farmer non-farmer respondents. Both levels ...