We i nvestigate the optical phenomenon responsible for the colored shine that sometimes a ppears at the surface of ink layers i n t he s pecular direction, o ften ca lled bronzing or gloss di fferential. I t seems to co me from the w avelengthdependent refractive index of t he ink, which induces a wavelength-dependent reflectance of t he i nk-air interface. Our experiments o n c yan and magenta...

Gloss perception strongly depends on the three-dimensional shape and the illumination of the object under consideration. In this study we investigated the influence of the spatial structure of the illumination on gloss perception. A diffuse light box in combination with differently shaped masks was used to produce a set of six simple and complex highlight shapes. The geometry of the simple high...

The Ministry of Culture in France has its own center dedicated to the conservation works art from 1200 national museums, called Center research and restoration for French museums. It on all types artworks: jewelry, painting, furniture, bronze statues… department several instruments, optical or chemical, analyse artwork’s materiality before history purpose. Except color that been s...

The service life performance of timber products exposed to natural weathering is a critical factor limiting the broad use wood as an external building element. goal this study was investigate in-service characterization innovative biofinish coating system. It novel surface finishing solution based on bioinspired concept living fungal cells designed for effective protection. Scots pine (Pinus sy...

This study was a qualitative exploration of the effect of multiple-choice glosses and periodic second language (L2) text reconstruction on lexical acquisition. L2 readers of German engaged in a think-aloud procedure while reading a short text and retelling its content in German after each of four short sections. In each section, four unfamiliar target words (TWs) were embedded. Half of the part...

UV-curable coatings possess numerous advantages, including high production rate, low environmental impact, and customizability, making them highly appealing for a wide range of applications. However, one the greatest challenges in coating is achieving an optimal low-gloss surface by adding matting agents to formulation. Therefore, it essential find suitable agent type efficient roughness creati...

Starch is one of the cheapest raw materials which can be used in edible film formation. Due to the fact that it is a natural constituent, its incorporation as a food coating does not involve any health risks, although as a barrier material it has the disadvantage of having poor water vapour barrier properties. This could be improved if different non-polar components are included in the starch m...