OBJECTIVES To review the literature on glossopharyngeal schwannomas with a focus on clinical presentation, radiologic/audiologic characteristics, and management options, and to propose a mechanism explaining the nature of vestibulocochlear dysfunction seen with these tumors. STUDY DESIGN Contemporary review. METHODS English literature search for cases of primary isolated glossopharyngeal sc...

Understanding the behaviour of space-charge between two electrodes is important for a number of applications. The Shockley-Ramo theorem and equivalent circuit models are useful for this; however, fundamental questions of the microscopic nature of the space-charge remain, including the meaning of capacitance and its evolution into a bulk property. Here we show that the microscopic details of the...

Born and raised on the outskirts of London, England, Joellyn Sheehy was home educated until her late teens, when she traveled to the U.S.A. for a year of high school and eventually college. She graduated summa cum laude from Union College in May 2014 with a B.S. degree in International Rescue and Relief and is presently employed with the college’s academic administration. Her areas of study inc...

Cranial nerve palsy could be one of the presenting features of underlying benign or malignant tumors of the head and neck. The tumor can involve the cranial nerves by local compression, direct infiltration or by paraneoplastic process. Cranial nerve involvement depends on the anatomical course of the cranial nerve and the site of the tumor. Patients may present with single or multiple cranial n...

: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) can cause chickenpox (varicella zoster) and shingles (herpes zoster). Herpes affect cranial nerves but rarely impacts the glossopharyngeal nerve (GN) in isolation. We present a literature review examining primary research—published between 2012 2022—reporting herpes affecting GN, while also reporting case of 57-year-old male who presented to his health physician w...

Corporate organization varies within a country and across countries with country size. The paper starts by establishing some facts about corporate organization based on unique data of 660 Austrian and German corporations. The larger country (Germany) has larger firms with flatter and more decentralized corporate hierarchies compared to the smaller country (Austria). Firms in the larger country ...