Medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood, is believed to derive from immature granule neuron precursors (GNPs) that normally proliferate in the external granule layer before exiting the cell cycle and migrating to their mature location in the inner granule layer. In this study, we examined the expression of D type cyclins in GNPs during cerebellar development and show...

In this paper, a label-free aptamer based detection system (apta-DS) was investigated for detecting colon cancer cells. For this purpose, we employed an aptamer specific to colon cancer cells like HCT116 expressing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on their surfaces. Capture aptamers were covalently immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) through self-assembly monolayer of 11-merca...

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated as effective radiosensitizing agents in a range of preclinical models using broad field sources of various energies. This study aimed to distinguish between these mechanisms by applying subcellular targeting using a soft X-ray microbeam in combination with GNPs. DNA damage and repair kinetics were determined following nuclear and cytoplasmic irra...

Hybridization of single-stranded DNA immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into double stranded DNA and its subsequent dissociation into ssDNA were investigated. Melting curves and rates of dissociation and hybridization were measured using fluorescence detection based on hybridization-induced fluorescence change. Two distribution functions, namely the state distribution and t...

In this paper, we reported a single particle technique for the one-step homogeneous immunoassay of a cancer marker by resonance light scattering correlation spectroscopy (RLSCS). The setup of RLSCS was similar to fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and its principle was based on measuring the resonance light scattering fluctuations in a small volumes (less than 1 fL) due to Brownian mo...

Aims : To investigate the toxic effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to the learning and memory of mice. Main methods: Naked GNPs of 17 nm and 37 nm were synthesized, purified, and injected intraperitoneally into BALB/C mice at a dose of 8 mg/kg/week. Passive avoidance test was performed to detect the possible leaning impairment. Biochemical analysis to examine levels of monoamine and acetylchol...

Introduction: In the point of physical view, there are no significant differences between tumor and normal tissues during radiation therapy. Radio-sensitizers have a key role to address the issue. Exploiting high atomic number, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been introduced as novel radio-sensitizers and have shown promising result in the field. Owing to high mass attenuation c...

Over the years, development of adaptable monitoring systems to be integrated into soldiers’ body gear, making them as comfortable and lightweight possible (avoiding use rigid electronics), has become essential. Electrospun microfibers are a great material for this application due their excellent properties, especially flexibility lightness. Their functionalization with graphene nanoplatelets (G...

Recent advances in theranostic nanomedicine can promote stem cell and immune cell-based therapy. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to be promising agents for in-vivo cell-tracking in cell-based therapy applications. Yet a crucial challenge is to develop a reliable protocol for cell upload with, on the one hand, sufficient nanoparticles to achieve maximum visibility of cells, while on th...

Modulation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is a crucial factor in cerebellar morphogenesis. Stimulation of granule neuron progenitor (GNP) proliferation is a central function of SHH signalling, but how this is controlled locally is not understood. We show that two sequentially expressed members of the contactin (CNTN) family of adhesion molecules, TAG1 and F3, act antagonistically to contro...