Introduction In India, both Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) and fluorosis (due to consumption of excess fluoride), are the two most prevalent endemic diseases which coexist in certain regions in the country. Though goiter—an enlarged thyroid gland—is commonly recognized as a visible sign of iodine deficiency, the health effects of iodine deficiency reach far beyond those of goiter, and the si...

INTRODUCTION Thyroid carcinoma represents total 1 % of human neoplasm with increasing incidence for the last 4 decades. However, that increase appears to be due to an increase in the diagnosis of papillary microcarcinomas associated with increased sampling of 1 resected specimens by pathologists . Epidemiologically ascertained risk factors are ionising radiation, the presence of thyroid adenoma...

BACKGROUND The definition of substernal goiter is not uniform and varies among authors. We can define substernal--or retrosternal-goiter a thyroid formation with cervical departure that goes beyond the superior thoracic strait for at least 3 cm and that preserves, generally, the connections between the cervical and thoracic portion, maintaining a direct vascularization supplied by the thyroid a...

In 1811, Courtois noted a violet vapor arising from burning seaweed ash and Gay-Lussac subsequently identified the vapor as iodine, a new element. The Swiss physician Coindet, in 1813, hypothesized the traditional treatment of goiter with seaweed was effective because of its iodine content and successfully treated goitrous patients with iodine. Two decades later, the French chemist Boussingault...

At the time after the Second World War, endemic goiter was present in most parts of Croatia with a prevalence of more than 50% and presence of cretinism. In the village of Rude near Zagreb, goiter was detected in 85% of school children with 2.3% of cretins in the village population. In 1953 the first regulation on obligatory salt iodination, requiring 10 mg of potassium iodide (KI) per kg of sa...

Aim: To determine the outcome of thyroid surgery for treatment of multinodular goiter and compare subtotal and total thyroidectomy surgeries. Methods: This study was conducted at the department of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Hayat Medical Complex Peshawar from Jan. 2012 to June. 2012 (6months). This study included 60 patients with multinodular goiter. These patients were divided i...

The Hospital de Clínicas organized a free program of goiter detection by palpation. This campaign was aimed at the population of the metropolitan area of Greater Buenos Aires (11 million inhabitants), with the prerequisite that each participant should be quite unaware whether he/she was a carrier of any thyroid disease. Attendees were split into two groups, i.e., Random and Induced. The former ...

BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency has been identified as a significant public health problem in Iran. The main strategy for controlling iodine deficiency was nationwide salt iodination. Over 10 years after starting this program, goiter is still endemic in school children. Iron deficiency may have interfered with the iodine intervention program. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ...

THE RELATIONSHIP of the thyroid gland to the severity of atheroselerosis in experimental animals has been clearly established,1 and the effects of hypothyroidism on cholesterol metabolism in man are well known.2 Although commonly affirmed in textbooks,3-5 there is still insufficient evidence that hypothyroidism in man aggravates the severity of atherosclerosis.6 Complementary evidence would be ...