INTRODUCTION Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (previously called testicular feminization) is specified by a 46 XY karyotype and negative sex chromatin, bilateral undescended testes, female genitalia appearance, and lack of mullerian derivatives. CASE PRESENTATION A 28-year-old woman with complete (severe) androgen resistance underwent prophylactic laparoscopic bilateral gonadectomy be...

Little is known about the underlying mechanisms that result in a sexually dimorphic response to Vibrio vulnificus endotoxic shock. V. vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium, considered one of the most invasive and rapidly fatal human pathogens known. However, 85% of individuals that develop endotoxic shock from V. vulnificus are males. Using the rat, we have developed a model for V. vulnificus...

The incidence of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS) is about 1 in 20,000. People with CAIS are normal appearing females, despite the presence of testes and a 46, XY chromosome constitution. We came across a case in which a 17 years old girl presented with the complaint of inguinal hernia and amenorrhea. Subsequent investigations were done revealing absence of female internal genita...

Sex differences in basal extracellular striatal dopamine concentrations in gonadectomized male and female rats have been reported previously. In the current experiment, estrous cycle-dependent variation, sex differences and the effect of gonadectomy on extracellular striatal dopamine concentrations were determined using quantitative microdialysis. Female rats were found to have significantly hi...

A 31-year-old male with true hermaphroditism and a 46, XX karyotype who underwent gonadectomy and extirpation of the internal sex organs at the age of 4 had a large stone 4 cm in diameter in the residual male vagina. He complained of pain on micturition, hematuria, and rectal pressure. Urethroscopy and retrograde urethrography disclosed an ostium of the male vagina in the prostatic urethra, and...

Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) require close medical follow-up and management for cardiac abnormalities, growth and reproductive issues. This review summarizes current controversies in this condition, including: 1) the optimal genetic testing for Turner syndrome patients, particularly with respect to identification of Y chromosome material that may increase the patient's risk of gonadoblast...

Vet Med Today: Reference Point 1665 E gonadectomy of dogs and cats, most commonly performed as an OHE of females and castration of males, is one of the most common veterinary procedures performed in the United States. Increasingly, dog owners and members of the veterinary profession throughout the world have questioned the optimal age for performance of these surgeries or whether they should ev...

Abstract Background Swyer syndrome (Pure gonadal dysgenesis, 46 XY) is a rare form of disorder sexual development. These patients presented with external female phenotype, normal Mullerian structures and streak gonads. Pure XY are more likely to develop germ cell tumors due the presence Y chromosome. Case presentation A 19-year-old patient phenotype primary amenorrhea. Clinical examination, Kar...

Sweyers syndrome or pure gonadal dysgenesis is characterised by primary amenorrhea , presence of female phenotype, external genitalia and internal with hypoplastic uterus streak gonads. A 16 year old girl presented secondary amenorrhoea, she attained menarche at 11 years was followed 4 months regular cycles thereafter developed two amenorrhea. On examination phenotypically no sexual characteris...

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is caused by numerous mutations of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The phenotype may range from partial AIS (PAIS) with ambiguous genitalia to complete AIS (CAIS) with female genitalia. In 70% of the cases, AR mutations are transmitted in an X-linked recessive manner through the carrier mothers, but in 30%, the mutations arise de novo. When de novo mutatio...