seed storage proteins are synthesized as sources of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur for the next generation of plants. reactive oxygen species serve as second messengers for signal transduction; however, molecular targets of oxidant signaling have not been defined. here, many researchers showes that ligand–receptor mediated signaling promotes reactive oxygen species– dependent protein carbonylation...

1. We investigated the relationships of seed size, dispersal mode and other species characteristics to interspecific variation in mean primary seed dispersal distances, mean annual seed production per unit basal area, and clumping of seed deposition among 41 tropical tree species on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. 2. A hierarchical Bayesian model incorporating interannual variation in seed produ...

Many studies have focused on the ecology of seed dimorphism, the production of two seed types by a single plant. Morphology and seed size are usually correlated, but how morphology affects germination percentage and seedling growth is poorly understood. Here we explicitly separate these effects for nine populations of the dimorphic species Tragopogon pratensis subsp. pratensis. Larger seeds yie...

The current investigation presents the role of gooseberry (Phyllanthus acidus) seeds as an effective biosorbent for remediating chromium (VI)), a toxic heavy metal pollutant commonly found in effluents from tanneries and relevant industries. Biosorption was affected by pH, temperature and initial metal concentration. Furthermore, there is a need to understand the holistic effect of all...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Seed survival in the soil contributes to population persistence and community diversity, creating a need for reliable measures of soil seed bank persistence. Several methods estimate soil seed bank persistence, most of which count seedlings emerging from soil samples. Seasonality, depth distribution and presence (or absence) in vegetation are then used to classify a species'...

Pit caves contain large samples of terrestrial micro-vertebrate specimens that accumulate during periods of surface erosion. The fossil record for vertebrates is riddled with biases that often mask paleoecological and biogeographical information. Taphonomic biases need to be realized and accounted for before making any interpretations on these faunal accumulations. Here we present a study analy...

The Drosophila signaling molecule Wingless (Wg) plays crucial roles in cell-cell communications during development. In the developing nervous system, a previous study has shown that Wg acts non-autonomously to specify the fate of a specific neuronal precursor, NB4-2 (Q. Chu-LaGraff and C. Q. Doe (1993) Science 261, 1594-1597). The lack of autocrine specification of NB4-2 in Wg-expressing cells ...

The sustainability of seed extraction from natural populations has been questioned recently. Increased recruitment failure under intense seed harvesting suggests that seed extraction intensifies source limitation. Nevertheless, areas where more seeds are collected tend to also have more intense hunting of seed-dispersing animals. We studied whether such hunting, by limiting disperser activity, ...

the purpose of this study was the introduction of seed accumulation index as a new approach in the evaluation of soil seed bank consistency in the populus caspica in noor reserved forest park. sampling were made above ground vegetation at peak vegetation cover during june 2010 by systematic- selective method. soil samples were collected during late june, late november and early february by hamm...

smirnovia iranica (sabeti) synonym: smirnovia turkestana (bunge) is a deciduous perennial bushy species of the fabaceae (papilionaceae) family. the species grow on sand dunes of desert areas, having a deep vertical root and very long horizontal or lateral roots. they have an important role in natural vegetation of desert and sand dune stabilization. limited growing areas, grazing due to good pa...