<abstract><p>Let $ R be a G graded commutative ring and M $-graded $-module. The set of all second submodules is denoted by Spec_G^s(M), it called the spectrum $. We discuss rings with Noetherian prime spectrum. In addition, we introduce notion Zariski socle explore their properties. also investigate Spec^s_G(M) topology from viewpoint being space.</p></abstract>

Let %‘A be the category of finite dimensional right modules for a quasi-hereditary algebra A. In the context of various types of Kazhdan-Lusztig theories, we study both the homological dual A! = Extt, (A/ rad(A), A/ rad(A)) and the graded algebra grA = @rad(A)j/rad(A)j+‘. For example, we investigate a condition introduced in [6], and here called (SKL’), which guarantees that A!’ E gr A. A stren...

We consider an initial-boundary value problem for ∂tu−∂ t ∇2u = f(t), that is, for a fractional diffusion (−1 < α < 0) or wave (0 < α < 1) equation. A numerical solution is found by applying a piecewise-linear, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method in time combined with a piecewiselinear, conforming finite element method in space. The time mesh is graded appropriately near t = 0, but the spatial m...

Methods to represent and exchange parts consisting of Functionally Graded Material (FGM) for Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) with Local Composition Control (LCC) are evaluated based on their memory requirements. Data structures for representing FGM objects as heterogeneous models are described and analyzed, including a voxel-based structure, finite-element mesh-based approach, and the extensio...

When simulating fluids, tetrahedral methods provide flexibility and ease of adaptivity that Cartesian grids find difficult to match. However, this approach has so far been limited by two conflicting requirements. First, accurate simulation requires quality Delaunay meshes and the use of circumcentric pressures. Second, meshes must align with potentially complex moving surfaces and boundaries, n...