The purpose of this analysis was to examine the efficacy of prophylactic hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) in pediatric cancer and to describe how a Bayesian meta-analysis can be conducted and then modified to incorporate information not readily included in a frequentist meta-analysis. Three Bayesian models were developed. The simplest model used the same data as a published frequ...

This study aimed to assess the effect of the M20 interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitor on normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells. The M20-derived IL-1 inhibitor was found to inhibit the growth of various hematopoietic cells. The in vitro proliferation of myeloid cell lines in serum-containing medium or proliferation of these cells induced by IL-1 in serum-free medium (measured by 3H-TdR) were inhibit...

Marrow cells from mice lacking high-affinity receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; betac-/- mice) were shown to bind and internalize much less GM-CSF than cells from normal (betac+/+) mice. betac-/- mice were used to determine the effect of negligible receptor-mediated clearance on detectible GM-CSF responses to the intravenous injection of endotoxin or the int...

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a syndrome characterised by accumulation of proteinaceous, periodic acidSchiff positive material within airspaces due to disruption of surfactant homeostasis [1]. In 95% of cases, PAP is associated with increased serum levels of auto-antibodies neutralising granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and, therefore, this form is referred to as ‘‘auto...

BACKGROUND Studies have reported that plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels and CD4+ lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected patients improved after treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). METHODS In AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 5041, 116 patients were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 16 wee...

Anti-murine (m) interleukin-5 (IL-5) antibody was found to inhibit eosinophil (Eo) colony formation stimulated by recombinant human (rh) IL-5, but did not inhibit the production of Eo stimulated by rh IL-3 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Conditioned medium (CM) prepared from eosinophilic patients' T cells with interleukin-2 (IL-2) stimulation (T-IL-2-CM), was found...

Therapeutic failure in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) occurs in 5% of patients infected by Leishmania braziliensis. This study evaluates the use of topically applied granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) combined with the standard dose of antimony to treat refractory cases of CL. Five patients who had received three courses or more of antimony were enrolled in...

This study describes an in vivo model for evaluating the sterilizing activity of compounds against persisting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The initial treatment with isoniazid and rifampin in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-disrupted mice reduced the number of bacteria more than 99% within 3 weeks. A subsequent treatment with individual drugs was performed to assess their a...

OBJECTIVE We performed a randomised trial in very preterm, small for gestational age (SGA) babies to determine if prophylaxis with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) improves outcomes (the PROGRAMS trial). GM-CSF was associated with improved neonatal neutrophil counts, but no change in other neonatal or 2-year outcomes. As subtle benefits in outcome may not be ascertainab...

The objective was to determine whether granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulates development of bovine embryos. In each experiment, oocytes were fertilized in vitro, GM-CSF was added to embryo culture medium at 8-10 h or 5 days after insemination, and development was monitored as the proportion of oocytes that formed blastocysts. Addition of recombinant bovine GM-CSF ...