Although surgical procedures are often performed over the posterior head and neck, surgical landmarks for avoiding the cutaneous nerves in this region are surprisingly lacking in the literature. Twelve adult cadaveric specimens underwent dissection of the cutaneous nerves overlying the posterior head and neck, and mensuration was made between these structures and easily identifiable surrounding...

Various regional anesthetics have been used for postoperative analgesia pediatric craniotomy. In this case series, we report retrospectively collected data on pain and analgesic use in 44 patients who received ultrasound-guided occipital nerve blocks addition to intravenous agents posterior craniotomy procedures. the immediate post-anesthesia care unit, was rated as zero or well controlled 77% ...

Denial of an insurance claim for occipital nerve blocks raises questions about utilization review by insurance companies and peer reviewers. Who reviews the reviewers? CLINICAL HISTORY A 40-year-old man presented with a 3-week history of right-sided more than left nuchal-occipital and parietal throbbing pain of moderate intensity daily on an intermittent basis and lasting for several hours. The...

The mode of action of onabotulinumtoxinA in the treatment of chronic migraine is suggested to In the early 1900s, Weiller and his group elegantly demonstrated that during a Schematic presentation of the trigeminovascular system. branches of the trigeminal nerves and the greater and lesser occipital nerve branches. An Early Symptom of Multiple Sclerosis Trigeminal neuralgia can be a source of ex...

INTRODUCTION Occipital peripheral nerve stimulation is an interventional pain management therapy that provides beneficial results in the treatment of refractory chronic occipital neuralgia. Herein we present a first-of-its-kind case study of a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 and bilateral occipital neuralgia treated with occipital peripheral nerve stimulation. CASE PRESENTATION A 42-yea...

Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been used for the treatment of various neuropathic pain disorders, including occipital neuralgia, for the patients who failed less-invasive therapeutic approaches. Several different mechanisms of pain relief were proposed when PNS is used to treat occipital neuralgia and clinical studies using various types of electrical leads suggested largely positive cl...

Chronic Migraine (CM) is one of the most disabling primary headache disorders affecting 2% of general population. CM is defined as headaches on >15 days per month for >3 months of which >8 days fulfill the criteria for migraine with or without aura or relieved by migrainespecific treatment [1].CM has an important economic and social impact compared with episodic migraine [2]. CM patients requir...