Tall buildings are a significant feature of many urban skylines. The visual complexity of the tall buildings that make up the urban skyline can vary according to the degree of silhouette complexity and the extent to which the façade is articulated. This article reports a study in which 60 undergraduate psychology students ranked a set of 9 synthetic skylines according to either the perceived co...

Currently, there is no method available that can systematically score the ecosystem services in streets or street segments suburban districts. In this study, different climate adaptation measures and their were categorized into green, blue, grey categories weight was given to each category based on impact microclimate. This study took place Hillesluis district city of Rotterdam Paddepoel Gronin...

There is a disconnection between commercial architecture and environmental thinking, where green features can be included as part of a strategy for gaining approvals and marketing projects, but those features are not reviewed after completion and occupation of the building and knowledge is not shared. High levels of air conditioning are still considered unavoidable. Elaborate double skin façade...

With the development of urbanization and population growth in the use of land for construction of residential and industrial areas and other infrastructure and turning to remove more vegetation,construction materials and non-systematic misuse of cities,urban areas have forced some changes that pollution and poor air quality,dehydration,high temperatures are some of its results.The temperature d...