A general method for calculating next-to-leading order cross sections in perturbative QCD is presented. The algorithm is worked out for calculating N -jet cross sections in hadron-hadron collisions. The generalization of the scheme to performing caclulations for other QCD process, such as electron-positron annihilation or in deep inelastic scattering is also straightforward. As an illustration ...

We study the exotic hadrons in s-wave scattering of the Nambu-Goldstone boson with a target hadron based on chiral dynamics. Utilizing the low energy theorem of chiral symmetry, we show that the s-wave interaction is not strong enough to generate bound states in exotic channels in flavor SU(3) symmetric limit, although the interaction is responsible for generating some nonexotic hadron resonanc...

Introduction: Radiotherapy with heavy charged particles such as protons and carbon ions (hadron therapy) has been recognized as an advanced technique for the treatment of various cancers. For some indications such as pediatric and radio-resistant tumors, it is considered the preferred method. However, despite its remarkable benefits, development of hadron therapy centers in the...

In hadron-hadron scattering, interactions are classified by the characteristics of the final states. In elastic scattering, both hadrons emerge unscathed and no other particles are produced. In diffractive scattering, the energy transfer between the two interacting hadrons remains small, but one (single dissociation) or both (double dissociation) hadrons dissociate into multi-particle final sta...

In these lectures, we develop the theory of the Colour Glass Condensate. This is the matter made of gluons in the high density environment characteristic of deep inelastic scattering or hadron-hadron collisions at very high energy. The lectures are self contained and comprehensive. They start with a phenomenological introduction, develop the theory of classical gluon fields appropriate for the ...

Hadron beams have attractive growing interest for cancer treatment owing to their high dose localization around the Bragg peak. Heavier-ions such carbon-ion beams, in particular, can realize higher 3D dose localization, compared with a proton beam, owing to a highly biological effect around the Bragg peak and a low multiple scattering effect. Recently, therefore, hadron cancer radiotherapy has ...

We analyze xF dependence of the Drell-Yan transverse momentum broadening in hadron-nucleus collisions. In terms of generalized factorization theorem, we show that the xF dependence of the transverse momentum broadening, ∆〈q2 T 〉(xF ), can be calculated in perturbative QCD. We demonstrate that ∆〈q2 T 〉(xF ) is a good observable for studying the effects of initial-state multiple scattering and ex...

Parton densities are among the most important sources of information on hadron structure at the level of quarks and gluons. The conventional densities describe the distribution of longitudinal momentum and helicity carried by partons in a fast-moving hadron. Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) complement this essentially one-dimensional picture with information on the directions transverse ...

We calculate exact analytical expressions for O(αs) 3-jet and O(α2 s) 4-jet cross sections in polarized deep inelastic lepton nucleon scattering. Introducing an invariant jet definition scheme, we present differential distributions of 3and 4-jet cross sections in the basic kinematical variables x and W 2 as well as total jet cross sections and show their dependence on the chosen spin-dependent ...

We present some recent developments in the study of quark-hadron duality in structure functions in the resonance region. To understand the workings of local duality we introduce the concept of truncated moments, which are used to describe the Q dependence of specific resonance regions within a QCD framework.