The Mantel-Haenszel procedure for comparing sets of time-to-response data is adaptable to data that can be stratified on other variables. A particular adaptation, which we have used, is one in which animals from the same litter have been assigned to different treatment groups, e.g., some to a control group and some to a drug treatment group. The time to response used was that of tumor appearanc...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the occurrence of temporomandibular joint disk displacement and its correlation with pain and osseous abnormalities using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients under 21 years of age. STUDY DESIGN MRI images in open- and closed-mouth positions from 102 patients, under 21 years of age (mean age 17 years), were studied retrospectively. Patients were divided into six ...

Cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disability in developed countries and is a rapidly growing health problem in developing countries. The magnitude and nature of the risks associated with smoking can be estimated using data from prospective epidemiological studies of smokers and nonsmokers and information on smoking in the population. In 1966 the National Cancer Ins...

OBJECTIVE To compare compensatory sweating after lowering or restricting the level of sympathectomy. METHOD A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted of all randomized controlled trials published in English that compared compensatory sweating after lowering or restricting the level of sympathectomy. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and the Mantel...

Our aim is to study the termination of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the causes of withdrawal. We have reviewed the prospective protocols of patients with PsA and collected the data on treatments and causes of withdrawal. Fifty-four out of 96 patients (48 male and 48 female) have undergone one or more courses of DMARD (n = 109). The life-table ...

A performance slam is a competition among a xed set of performances whereby pairs of performances are judged by audience participants. When performances are recorded on electronic media, performance slams become amenable to audiences that watch online and judge asynchronously ( crowdsourced ). In order to better entertain the audience, we want to show the better performances ( exploitation ). I...

Surveys often contain qualitative variables for which respondents may select any number of the outcome categories. For instance, for the question "What type of contraception have you used?" with possible responses (oral, condom, lubricated condom, spermicide, and diaphragm), respondents would be instructed to select as many of the outcomes that apply. This situation is known as multiple respons...

BACKGROUND There are contradictory reports on the relationship between acne vulgaris and cigarette smoking. The objective of this study was to examine the relation between acne and cigarette smoking in a case-control study. METHODS A questionnaire on smoking habits was offered to 350 patients with acne vulgaris and 350 patients suffering from skin diseases other than acne, aged 15-40 years, a...

OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review on the safety of ranibizumab injections for diabetic macular edema by meta-analysis of recently conducted level 1 randomized clinical trials. DESIGN A meta-analysis and systematic review. METHODS Main outcome measures of permissible studies were extracted and reported. The relative risk (RR) for thromboembolic events (TEEs) was calculated for those s...

The coin package implements a unified approach for conditional inference procedures commonly known as permutation tests. The theoretical basis of design and implementation is the unified framework for permutation tests given by Strasser and Weber (1999). For a very flexible formulation of multivariate linear statistics, Strasser and Weber (1999) derived the conditional expectation and covarianc...