Five grape rootstocks were inoculated with 0, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 Pratylenchus vulnus. Dogridge and Saltcreek supported low average total numbers of P. vulnus, 136-705/pot, at 12 months after inoculation. Growth of both rootstocks was not affected. Harmony, Couderc 1613, and Ganzin 1 supported high average total numbers, 6-856 times the inoculum levels. Numbers in Harmony continued to increa...

cost optimization of the reinforced concrete cantilever soil retaining wall of a given height satisfying some structural and geotechnical design constraints is performed utilizing harmony search and improved harmony search algorithms. the objective function considered is the cost of the structure, and design is based on aci 318-05. this function is minimized subjected to design constraints. a n...

In this paper, an improved global-best harmony search algorithm, named IGHS, is proposed. In the IGHS algorithm, initialization based on opposition-based learning for improving the solution quality of the initial harmony memory, a new improvisation scheme based on differential evolution for enhancing the local search ability, a modified random consideration based on artificial bee colony algori...

This paper examines acoustic aspects of vowel harmony (VH), understood as regressive vowel-tovowel assimilation, in two regional varieties of French in six speakers’ productions of 107 disyllabic word pairs. In each word pair, the word-initial vowel (V1) was phonemically either /e/ or /o/, and the word-final stressed vowel (V2) alternated between /e-E/, /ø-œ/, /o-O/ or /i-a/. Results are consis...

We introduce the deformation of the Moebius strip and study its properties.

The perception of music has been investigated by several neurophysiological and neuroimaging methods. Results from these studies suggest a right hemisphere dominance for non-musicians and a possible left hemisphere dominance for musicians. However, inconsistent results have been obtained, and not all variables have been controlled by the different methods. We performed a study with functional t...

INTRODUCTION In this essay I assume the existence of subjective states of suffering and wellbeing (welfare is often used as a synonym for well-being) in animals (Van Rooijen, 1981). For my opinion about the relation between suffering and well-being and the study of behavior, see Van Rooijen (1997). This article will compare suffering and well-being due to natural selection and suffering and wel...

harmony and disharmony are generally considered in isolation in the phonological literature. this has led to a striking asymmetry in their analyses. in this article, it is argued that both phenomena call for a parallel treatment and that this can be accomplished within correspondence theory.correspondence theory provides a general framework for defining faithfulness constraints. what happens in...