Two-strategy evolutionary games on graphs have been extensively studied in the literature. A variety of graph structures, degrees of graph dynamics, and behaviours of replicators have been explored. These models have primarily been studied in the framework of facilitation of cooperation, and much excellent work has shed light on this field of study. However, there has been little attention to t...

The hawk-dove (HD) game, as defined by Maynard Smith [1982. Evolution and the Theory of Games. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge], allows for a polymorphic fitness equilibrium (PFE) to exist between its two pure strategies; this polymorphism is the attractor of the standard replicator dynamics [Taylor, P.D., Jonker, L., 1978. Evolutionarily stable strategies and game dynamics. Math. Biosci....

Fat reserves are an important energy source for animals wintering in temperate zones. Long nights, low ambient temperature and often unpredictable food all increase the probability of death from starvation, and to survive, animals carry energy reserves as fat. Based on the assumption that extra weight makes birds more vulnerable to diurnal predators, it has been hypothesized that predation risk...

A fundamental problem in multi agent systems is conflict resolution. A conflict occurs in general when the agents have to deal with conflicting goals, such as demands for shared, but limited resources. We investigate how game theory may be a helpful and efficient tool for examining a class of conflicts in multi agent systems and argue that parameterized games and conclusions based on general pr...

Accumulating evidence shows that the central nervous system (CNS) regulates the activity of the immune system. Concerning the role of immune system in cancer, psychosocial influences on immune function provide a mechanism of association between psychosocial factors (like interpersonal aggression) and cancer prognosis. Social conflicts between males, involving high aggression stress and threat (...

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is a committee within the central banking system of the US and decides on the target rate. Analyzing the positions of its members is a challenge even for experts with a deep knowledge of the financial domain. In our work, we aim at automatically determining opinion groups in transcriptions of the FOMC discussions. We face two main challenges: first, the ...

Cooperation in social dilemmas is essential for the functioning of systems at multiple levels of complexity, from the simplest biological organisms to the most sophisticated human societies. Cooperation, although widespread, is fundamentally challenging to explain evolutionarily, since natural selection typically favors selfish behavior which is not socially optimal. Here we study the evolution...

We study countries choosing armament levels and then whether or not to go to war. We show that if the costs of war are not overly high or low, then all equilibria must involve dove, hawk, and deterrent strategies and the probability of war is positive (but less than one) in any given period. Wars are between countries with differing armament levels and the frequency of wars is tempered by the p...