Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Ten HBV genotypes (A-J) have been discovered so far. Genotypes B and C are endemic in East and Southeast Asia. Genotype C HBV is associated with increased risks of cirrhosis and HCC. Genotype B (B2) is associated with the development of HCC in non-cirrhotic patients younger than...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have distinct geographic distribution. Moreover, much genetic variability has been described in the precore (PC) and basal core promoter (BCP) regions of the HBV genome. The local prevalence of HBV genotypes and mutations has not been well studied. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of HBV genotypes and mutations in the PC an...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships of resistance mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with replication and genotypes of HBV and to understand the common resistance mutations and mutation pattern. METHODS The mutation patterns related to resistance to nucleoside drugs were analyzed, and the relationships of resistance mutations with HBV genotypes, Ct value, HBeAg, alanine aminotransfer...

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a small (diameter of 42 nm), incompletely double-stranded DNA hepadnavirus. Substantial genetic variations occur within distinct regions, globally facilitating classification of eight distinguishable genotypes (A through H), which have treatment implications [1,2]. All genotypes are present in the United States, with genotypes A and C comprising 35 and 31 percent of v...

today, chronic viral hepatitis is considered as a public health problem in the world. totally, 5% of the world population, especially in asia and africa suffer from this problem. the prevalence of acute hepatitis in america is 0.1-0.2 percent, 50% of those with hepatitis c (hcv) and 5-10% of them with hepatitis b (hcv) develop chronic hepatitis. determining hbv and hcv genotypes is important to...

The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between YMDD mutations and the genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during lamivudine treatment. HBV genotypes were determined by nested PCR with 6 pairs of HBV genotype-specific primers (A to F) in serum specimens from 142 hepatitis B patients receiving lamivudine antiviral therapy. YMDD mutations were detected by fluorescent hyb...

Background: Although it has been reported that different hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes induce different clinical characteristics in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), there have been few reports that have detailed the distribution of HBV genotypes in acute forms of liver disease. Methods: HBV genotypes were determined in 61 patients who had acute forms of liver disease (45 had acut...

BACKGROUND Although it has been reported that different hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes induce different clinical characteristics in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), there have been few reports that have detailed the distribution of HBV genotypes in acute forms of liver disease. METHODS HBV genotypes were determined in 61 patients who had acute forms of liver disease (45 had acut...

Background: SEN virus (SENV) is the latest virus proposed as a cause of unknown hepatitis cases. Among nine detected genotypes of the virus, genotypes D and H are more frequent in hepatitis cases of unknown origin. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of SENV-D and SENV-H genotypes in the sera of healthy individuals and hepatitis B and C patients. Methods: Totally, 200 serum sam...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is distributed worldwide, with geographical variations regarding prevalence of the different genotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the HBV genotypes and subgenotypes circulating in Southeast Brazil and compare the genetic sequences found with HBV sequences previously described in the world. Sequences from 166 chronic HBV carriers were analyzed using the fragm...