The Pioneer Fund was created in 1937 "to conduct or aid in conducting study and research into problems of heredity and eugenics . . . and problems of race betterment with special reference to the people of the United States." The Fund was endowed by Colonel Wickliffe Preston Draper, a New England textile heir, and perpetuates his legacy through an active program of grants, some of the more cont...

We present an approach to automate Shor-Preskill style unconditional security proof of QKDs. In Shor-Preskill’s proof, the target QKD, BB84, is transformed into another QKD based on an entanglement distillation protocol (EDP), which is more feasible for direct analysis. We formalized heir method as program transformation in a quantum programming language, QPL. The transform is defined as rewrit...

This study investigates a relationship between free access to research articles and the diffusion of their ideas as measured by citation counts. By using a dataset from the Social Science Research Network (SSRN), an open repository of research articles, and employing a natural experiment that allows the effect of free access separate from other confounding factors, this study identifies the cau...

he future of healthcare delivery systems will depend on heir ability to provide the best care at the least cost. In he clinical laboratory, this translates to ensuring that lecreased test use means appropriate use. The latter is nhikely to occur unless clinical laboratories provide practicing physicians with advice on test strategy and iterpretation of results. Effective clinical laboratory con...

This article interrogates the politics and aesthetics of Black majesty that Meghan Markle other cultural interlocutors such as Beyoncé Knowles-Carter both inform embody. At same time, it probes cultural-historical significance queenship its relationship to a tradition insurgency anticolonial resistance from Age Revolution present, looking closely at in conversation with Marie-Louise Christophe,...

article 905 & 949 of iran civil code says that: if there is no inheritor other than husband, he takes all inheritance; but according to article 949: if a wife is sole heir, she takes her portion, that is one fourth, and the reminder will be regarded heirless and encountered according to article 866. this discrimination between wife and husband is based on the famous opinion of shiite jurisprude...