ous possession of male and female genital parts is known as hermaphroditism. This condition is known to occur in different degrees. True hermaphroditism, i.e. the occurrence of both ovary and testis, is however rare (Feldman, 1937). Recently we have come across a case of an apparently male person having both testis and uterus. Considering the rare and interesting points exhibited in this case, ...

BACKGROUND Ambiguous genitalia are a major cause of parental anxiety and can create social problems if not properly managed. Diagnosis and management can however be challenging. The aim of this study is to highlight some of the challenges in management of ambiguous genitalia in our environment. PATIENTS AND METHODS All cases of ambiguous genitalia managed at the Paediatric surgical unit of th...

The conditions once known under the umbrella terms intersex and hermaphroditism are now generally being called disorders of sex development in medical settings. The terms might seem synonymous, but in fact there are significant differences with controversial consequences. Hermaphroditism, an older term that can still be found in many medical writings, is vague, demeaning, and sensationalistic, ...

More than 1,500 fish species are hermaphroditic, but no hermaphroditic lineage appears to be evolutionarily ancient in fishes. Thus, whether more than one sex at a time was present during the evolutionary shift from gonochorism to hermaphroditism in fishes is an intriguing question. Ectopic oocytes were created in the ovotestes of protandrous black porgy via the withdrawal of estradiol (E2) adm...

A brief review of investigations carried out at IAMC-CNR Messina on the reproductive biology of farmed blackspot sea bream Pagellus bogaraveo, a new candidate species for aquaculture, is presented. Different aspects of sexuality, including hermaphroditism, gametogenesis, spermatozoal ultrastructure, maturity staging, seasonal development of gonads, and spawning in captivity, were studied. Prota...

Atrazine is a potent endocrine disruptor that both chemically castrates and feminizes male amphibians. It depletes androgens in adult frogs and reduces androgen-dependent growth of the larynx in developing male larvae. It also disrupts normal gonadal development and feminizes the gonads of developing males. Gonadal malformations induced by atrazine include hermaphrodites and males with multiple...

Most of the signals recorded in experiments are inevitably contaminated by measurement noise. Hence, it is important to understand the effect of such noise on estimating causal relations between such signals. A primary tool for estimating causality is Granger causality. Granger causality can be computed by modeling the signal using a bivariate autoregressive (AR) process. In this paper, we grea...