OBJECTIVE Previous meta-analyses reported advantages of passive (i.e., heat and moisture exchangers, or HMEs) compared with active (i.e., heated humidifiers, or HHs) humidifiers in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, but they did not examine the effect of these devices on mortality, length of intensive care unit stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation. In addition, r...

INTRODUCTION Some guidelines to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) do not establish a recommendation for the preferential use of either heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) or heated humidifiers (HHs), while other guidelines clearly advocate the use of HMEs. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of VAP associated with HHs or HMEs. METHODS A randomized study was conduc...

BACKGROUND Overweight and underweight increase the risk of metabolic impairments and chronic disease. Interventions at the household level require the diagnosis of nutritional status among family members. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and patterns of various anthropometric typologies over a decade in Colombia using a novel approach that considers all children in the house...

Beginning in 2014, individuals and small businesses are able to purchase private health insurance through competitive Marketplaces. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides for a program of risk adjustment in the individual and small group markets in 2014 as Marketplaces are implemented and new market reforms take effect. The purpose of risk adjustment is to lessen or eliminate the influence of r...

OBJECTIVE Avascular necrosis of femoral head and nonunion is a major complication after the treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture in young adults. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new technique using biodegradable magnesium screws and vascularised iliac grafting for displaced femoral neck fracture in young adults. METHODS Totally 19 patients with displaced femoral neck frac...

AIM To assess clinical factors associated with partial hip replacement surgery failure and to develop a scoring system to predict it before treatment. METHODS This was a historical cohort study of hip fracture cases underwent partial hip replacement in Siaga Raya Hospital, Jakarta between January 1997 and December 2006. Patients' clinical assessment included sex, age at surgery, ambulatory st...

APhA, its pharmacy partners, and community pharmacies have long argued that PBMs working with Medicare Part D plan sponsors’ use of retroactive direct indirect remuneration (DIR) fees cheats beneficiaries, forces to close their doors, endangers access pharmacist-provided care. After years unsuccessful attempts get relief via legislation or regulation, APhA has signed on as an equal partner in a...