In this chapter we first describe the variation of cervical cancer in relation to social class. Thereafter we examine the causes for the occurrence of socioeconomic differences in invasive cervical cancer, using data from two case-control studies carried out in Colombia and Spain. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in developing countries and the sixth most common in developed countries....

OBJECTIVES India bears a significant portion of the global tobacco burden with high prevalence of tobacco use. This study examines the socioeconomic patterning of tobacco use and identifies the changing gender and socioeconomic dynamics in light of the Cigarette Epidemic Model. DESIGN Secondary analyses of second and third National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS ...

IMPORTANCE The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model of primary care is being implemented in a wide variety of socioeconomic contexts, yet there has been little research on whether its effects differ by context. Clinical preventive service use, including cancer screening, is an important outcome to assess the effectiveness of the PCMH within and across socioeconomic contexts. OBJECTIVE T...

Background. Cardiovascular disease is still portrayed as a typical male disease, and men are more often submitted to invasive procedures or referred earlier. Aim. To explore sex differences in morbidity and referral patterns in cardiovascular disease in general practice, and the role of age and socioeconomic status. Method. Data were obtained from a continuous morbidity registration project in ...

BACKGROUND Many studies of adolescent health-related behaviors have assessed the effects of gender and parental socioeconomic position (SEP) but not their mutual modification. We investigated socioeconomic differences in health-related behaviors among Slovak adolescents and the potential modification of those differences by gender. METHODS Data were collected in 2006 (n = 3547; 49.4% boys; me...

several demographic factors may be considered as barriers to osteoporosis prevention like high rate of illiteracy and low socioeconomic status in developing countries, there is lack of studies that assess the relationship between socioeconomic status and osteoporosis. this study was a case-control study and it was conducted in two bone mineral density centers in tehran. case group includes 163 ...

BACKGROUND We have previously shown that infants who were extremely low birth weight (ELBW) are particularly vulnerable to problems related to inattention and hyperactivity at school age. It is not known whether these problems persist to adolescence. OBJECTIVE To explore and compare the levels of psychopathology in a regional cohort of ELBW infants and sociodemographically matched term contro...

BACKGROUND The reasons why socioeconomic circumstances are associated with oral health are not well understood. This study investigated whether psychosocial factors might play an explanatory role. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data were used from the 1999 National Dental Telephone Interview Survey together with information from an accompanying questionnaire sent to adult interviewees. Househ...