BACKGROUND The combination of an elbow dislocation, a radial head fracture, and a coronoid process fracture is known as "terrible triad" injury of the elbow. This injury is one of the most challenging injuries of the musculoskeletal system and almost always causes instability of the elbow. The use of an adjuvant hinged external fixator in such injuries is still debated. CASE PRESENTATION In t...

This paper shows how to hinge together a collection of polygons at vertices in such a way that a single object can be reshaped into any n-omino, for a given value of n. An n-omino is de ned generally as a connected union of n unit squares on the integer grid. Our best dissection uses 2(n 1) polygons. We generalize this result to the connected unions of nonoverlapping equal-size regular k-gons j...

Differential reinforcement of low rate responding (DRL) can be defined as withholding reinforcement until probability of a target behaviour has decreased to a particular criterion. Typically, the DRL lowers the overall rate of a specific target response by incrementally increasing the time interval between responses and delivering reinforcement contingent upon a response occurring at or above t...

An example of reversible (or hinge inside-out transformable) figures is the Dudeney’s Haberdasher’s puzzle in which an equilateral triangle is dissected into four pieces, then hinged like a chain, and then is transformed into a square by rotating the hinged pieces. Furthermore, the entire boundary of each figure goes into the inside of the other figure and becomes the dissection lines of the ot...

The main contribution of this paper is a procedure for the control by energy shaping of high-order port-Hamiltonian systems obtained from the spatial discretization of infinite dimensional dynamics. Beside the intrinsic difficulties related to the large number of state variables, the finite element model is generally given in terms of a Dirac structure and is completely a-causal, which implies ...

Learning to lever-press for food in rats may be experimentally analyzed according to (a) association of lever-pressing with food reinforcement; (b) development of the behavior of lever-pressing. The latter was studied in two strains of rats with a high or low level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) in erythrocytes. Twelve males from each strain, previously trained to lever-press, were used. The r...

Directly modulated fiber-optic links generally suffer higher link loss and larger signal distortion than externally modulated links. These result from the electron-photon conversion loss and laser modulation dynamics. As a method to overcome the drawbacks, we have experimentally demonstrated the RF performance of directly modulated, ultra-strong injection-locked gain-lever distributed Bragg ref...