BACKGROUND In sub-tropical countries, infectious diseases remain one of the main causes of mortality. Because of their lack of active immunity, pregnant women and their unborn children represent the most susceptible people. In Gabon, data on infectious diseases of pregnant women such as syphilis and rubella are either scarce or very old. Few studies have assessed T. gondii infection during preg...

This paper utilizes the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data in Miami for the men who have sex with men cycle (NHBS-MSM2) in 2008. We analyzed sexual risk, substance use and undiagnosed seropositivity in a diverse sample of men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) and compared them with MSM. Of 152 MSMW, 15.1% tested HIV positive with 73.9% previously undiagnosed. Almost half (44.1%) of ...

During a routine surveillance programme, 17 of 183 drug users in Larkana, Pakistan, were found to be HIV positive. To investigate the factors to this rapid transmission of HIV, a case-control study was conducted. Cases were HIV seropositive male drug dependants, while controls were drug dependants who were tested to be HIV seronegative. A total number of seven cases and 14 controls were recruit...

Transfusion transmitted infections are major problem associated with blood transfusion. Accurate estimates of risk of TTIs are essential for monitoring the safety of blood supply and evaluating the efficacy of currently employed screening procedures. The present study was carried out to assess the percentage of voluntary donors and replacement donors and to find out prevalence and changing tren...

The herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics are believed to fuel each other, especially in sub-Saharan countries. In Ethiopia during 1997-2002, a retrospective study was conducted to examine risk factors for infection and transmission of HSV-2, in a cohort of 1612 factory workers. Prevalence of HSV-2 seropositivity at enrollment was 40.9%, and incide...

Seroprevalence data of human herpesviruses (HHVs) are limited for sub-Saharan Africa. These are important to provide an indication of potential burden of HHV-related disease, in particular in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals who are known to be at increased risk of these conditions in the Western world. In this cross-sectional study among 405 HIV-infected and antiretrovir...

UNLABELLED The resurgence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in association with HIV infection has focussed much attention in the rapid diagnosis of high risk cases. Infection with HIV is known to alter the presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis. The present study was under taken to compare the efficacy of fluorochrome stain (Fl) with conventional Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain in the diagnosis of pulmona...

Introduction: Social and behavioral factors have the potential to affect and inform both the implementation of HIV vaccine trials and the uptake of an eventual HIV vaccine. The growing number of ongoing phase I/II HIV vaccine trials underscores the need for a review of factors affecting the conduct of these trials. Methods: Major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Search Engine) were searc...

SiR,—Transmission of HIV is primarily through intimate sexual contact with an infected individual or contact with infected blood via shared needles among intravenous drug users, occupational exposure to contaminated "sharps", or transfusions with contaminated blood products, for example. We present a case of possible HIV infection via a previously undescribed route. A 49-year-old heterose...