The Delta(4DVH) Anatomy 3D quality assurance (QA) system (ScandiDos), which converts the measured detector dose into the dose distribution in the patient geometry was evaluated. It allows a direct comparison of the calculated 3D dose with the measured back-projected dose. In total, 16 static and 16 volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) fields were planned using four different energies. Isocen...

BACKGROUND Non-invasive planar fluorescence reflectance imaging (FRI) is used for accessing physiological and molecular processes in biological tissue. This method is efficiently used to detect superficial fluorescent inclusions. FRI is based on recording the spatial radiance distribution (SRD) at the surface of a sample. SRD provides information for measuring structural parameters of a fluores...

We present a new technique for choosing spatial regions for X-ray spectroscopy, called " contour binning ". The method chooses regions by following contours on a smoothed image of the object. In addition we re-explore a simple method for adaptively smoothing X-ray images according to the local count rate, we term " accumulative smoothing " , which is a generalisation of the method used by FADAP...

This work is an example of the application dynamical system analysis in context cosmology. Here cosmic evolution considered background homogeneous and isotropic flat FLRW spacetime with interacting dark energy varying mass matter as content. The DE chosen phantom scalar field self-interacting potential while DM form dust. function are exponential or power-law their product form. Using suitable ...

This study aims to determine the average absorbed dose of radiation in glandular tissue during mammography and to investigate factors that influence the average glandular dose, particularly the local distribution of glandular tissue within the breast and breast skin thickness. An EGSnrc Monte Carlo code and associated codes were employed in the simulation. The breast voxel models used consist o...

background: the dosimetric parameters required in lung cancer radiation therapy are taken from a homogeneous water phantom; however, during treatment, the expected results are being affected because of its inhomogeneity. therefore, it becomes necessary to quantify these deviations. objective: the present study has been undertaken to find out inter- and intra- lung density variations and its dos...

As was suggested twenty years ago, double-vortex condensation can drive a superconductor into fractionalized insulator with \ensuremath{\mathbb{Z}}${}_{2}$ topological order. With the advent of symmetry-protected phases, authors explore here effect strong correlation in weak superconductor, showing that gives rise to translation symmetry-enriched This $t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}...

Introduction As B0 field strengths increase, there is an almost linear increase in SNR. However, new problems arise at higher field strengths, such as a higher SAR and B1-field inhomogeneity. To counteract these problems, multiple transmit channels are necessary to improve the image homogeneity, this can be achieved with static RF-shimming [1]. In this work, a new transceive surface coil array ...

A data-driven wall model for turbulent flows over periodic hills is developed using a feedforward neural network and wall-resolved large-eddy simulation data. The employs wall-normal distance, near-wall velocities, pressure gradients as input features, the shear stresses output labels, respectively. In $a$ $p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{...