negatively affected by disturbance. meadow barley (Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski) (Hickman 1993). Purple needlegrass, blue wildrye, bluegrass and California melic are droughttolerant species that typically occupy well-drained upland sites. In contrast, creeping wildrye and meadow barley are less drought-tolerant and typically grow in the moist soils of seeps, streams and wetland margins (Walker...

in order to investigating theeffects of  crop rotation and applying of herbicides on weed distribution in  irrigated wheat fields of kermanshah province, this study was performed during  2011-2012. multivariate analysis (rda) revealed the significant relationship between composition and species frequency and exerted management techniques. the first and second features of rda indicated 57%, 74.9...

The barley grasses (Hordeum glaucum Steud. and Hordeum leporinum Link.) are important weeds of crops and pastures in South Australia. Populations of both species have evolved resistance to paraquat, primarily following intensive use of paraquat for winter weed control in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) crops. In the past few years, agricultural consultants have been reporting an increase in proble...

Gene duplication is a major evolutionary driving force for establishing new gene functions. However, very little is known about the involvement of the structural divergence of recent duplicated genes in local adaptation. We evaluated the nucleotide variation of recent duplicated pair copies of the hsp17 locus for small heat shock proteins, namely, the older copy hsp17a and the younger copy hsp1...

Wild barley [Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum (C. Koch) Thell.] is a part of the primary gene pool with valuable sources of beneficial genes for barley improvement. This study attempted to develop a core subset of 269 accessions representing 16 countries from the Plant Gene Resources of Canada (PGRC) collection of 3,782 accessions, and to characterize them using barley simple sequence repeat (SS...

Using Roche/454 technology, we sequenced the chloroplast genomes of 12 Triticeae species, including bread wheat, barley and rye, as well as the diploid progenitors and relatives of bread wheat Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides and Ae. tauschii. Two wild tetraploid taxa, Ae. cylindrica and Ae. geniculata, were also included. Additionally, we incorporated wild Einkorn wheat Triticum boeoticum ...