House flies are a ubiquitous insect that have the potential to spread many diseases to humans and livestock. Managing house fly populations is accomplished by having desirable baits, traps, and killing agents. Most house fly baits are designed for outdoor use or limited indoor use, and have a foul odor that is not conducive to food preparatory and dining areas. Blackstrap molasses has long been...

Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are gases produced by hightemperature combustion through reactions between nitrogen and oxygen. Both nitrogen in fuel and nitrogen in the air can participate in the reactions. Formation of NO can be followed by further oxidation into NO2 in the atmosphere. NO2 is the most toxic of the nitrogen oxides (grouped generically as NOx) and it is very i...

Navigation of autonomous vehicles and robots can be divided into two categories: indoor navigation and outdoor navigation. In general the outdoor navigation is more difficult and complex task because often the environment does not have characteristic points that can be identified and with respect to which robots could relate their position. If environment is unstructured (e.g. off-road environm...

The quality of outdoor spaces in a residential community affects the quality of life of its residents. This paper presents the findings of a study on outdoor thermal comfort and space usage at a residential community in Wuhan, central China, through the monitoring of microclimate conditions, interviews with residents, and recording of occupants’ activities. The data were used to develop a Therm...

An important challenge in outdoor mobile robotic perception is maintaining terrain classification performance throughout the extremely variable conditions that we may wish a robot to operate under. Outdoor robots operate in a series of “environments” that consist of diverse terrain, vegetation, weather, and lighting conditions. A physical robot does not randomly jump between environments; typic...

Prior research in scene classi cation has focused on mapping a set of classic low-level vision features to semantically meaningful categories using a classi er engine. In this paper, we propose improving the established paradigm by using a simpli ed low-level feature set to predict multiple semantic scene attributes that are integrated probabilistically to obtain a nal indoor/outdoor scene clas...

Optical wireless communications in the outdoor is capable of providing a broadband last mile access, and in the indoor environment it can be used to provide flexible interconnection through wireless distributed data communication systems to connect PCs, digital assistants, laptops, printers, digital cameras in offices, shopping areas, warehouses and manufacturing floors. Optical wireless commun...