Our sense of balance and spatial orientation strongly depends on the correct functionality of our vestibular system. Vestibular dysfunction can lead to blurred vision and impaired balance and spatial orientation, causing a significant decrease in quality of life. Recent studies have shown that vestibular implants offer a possible treatment for patients with vestibular dysfunction. The close pro...

Facial motor disorders, including facial paralysis, myokymia, dyskinesia, and hemifacial spasm, are common clinical problems in which radiographic evaluation plays a crucial role. Since every segment of the motor innervation of the face from the brain to the parotid gland can now be seen radiographically, radiologists must understand the normal anatomy, the common pathologic lesions at each lev...

The restoration of extensive zygomatic complex defects is a surgical challenge owing to the difficulty of accurately restoring the normal anatomy, symmetry, proper facial projection and facial width. In the present study, an extensive post-traumatic zygomatic bone defect was reconstructed using a custom-made implant that was made with a selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The computer-desi...

The transfer of facial expressions from people to 3D face models is a classic computer graphics problem. In this paper, we present novel, learning-based approach transferring and head movements images videos biomechanical model the face-head-neck complex. Leveraging Facial Action Coding System (FACS) as an intermediate representation expression space, train deep neural network take in FACS Unit...

Background The use of botulinum toxin type A is considered one of the most revolutionary and promising face rejuvenation methods. Although rare, most of the complications secondary to the use of botulinum toxin A are technician dependent. Among the major shortcomings identified in the toxin administration education is unfamiliarity with applied anatomy. This article proposes the use of body pai...

face expression recognition is useful for designing new interactive devices offering the possibility of new ways for human to interact with computer systems. in this paper we develop a facial expressions analysis and synthesis system. the analysis part of the system is based on the facial features extracted from facial feature points (ffp) in frontal image sequences. selected facial feature poi...

Part 2 of this article concerns itself with alterations in the normal anatomy (described in part 1) by various disease processes. Ten patients are described with various facial masses. The role of computed tomography in the clinical workup of these patients is stressed.

Aging of the periocular area involves changes of the skin, muscle, fat, and bones. Facial fillers can be helpful in minimizing these changes by restoring youthful fullness to periocular areas that have undergone volume loss or loss of support. Physicians should understand the complicated anatomy surrounding the eyes, both to understand the aging process and to minimize treatment complications.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Advances in the field of skull base surgery aim to maximize anatomical exposure while minimizing patient morbidity. The petroclival region of the skull base presents numerous challenges for surgical access due to the complex anatomy. The transcochlear approach to the region provides adequate access; however, the resection involved sacrifices hearing and results in at least...

background: understanding some part of the human body such as serous membrane, peritoneal cavity, lesser sac and proper mesentery is difficult for medical students. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of animal dissection on improving medical student knowledge and view related viscera and serous membrane anatomy. methods: in yums in 2011, sixty eight medical students were ra...