the United States are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and that the infection is undiagnosed in 20%. Today, persons infected with HIV are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) more often than in the past. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to enhanced management of HIV disease, allowing infected persons to live longer and thus increasing their likelihoo...

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) developed in a patient with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia who was treated with a short-term course of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy. The presentation was transient and temporally related to the underlying clinical course. The association of KS in an HTLV-I infected, but not human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected, indi...

The term “slow infection” was introduced for the first time by the Icelandic researcher B. Sigurdsson in 1954 (Sigurdsson, 1954). With this term, he designated the interaction of the virus with the host, characterized by a prolonged (many months and even years) incubation period, at what time several organs or systems become affected and thereafter, results in slow, but progressive development ...

Giant condyloma acuminata (GCA) is one of sexually transmitted infections caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection, specifically HPV types 6 and 11. a rare disease with an incidence around 0.1%. The age distribution peaked in 25-29 years. higher prevalence infection associated number sexual partners, history chlamydia gonorrhea smoking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A ...

Immunocompromised patients are susceptible to infections by fungi that seldom cause disease in humans. We describe a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient who had simultaneous infections with two fungi which are rare causes of serious infection: Lecythophora hoffmannii, causing chronic sinusitis, and Scytalidium dimidiatum, causing skin lesions, lymphangitis, and lymphadenitis. The clin...

Referrals for and initiation of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increased dramatically in a large clinical practice setting since 2012. Despite high rates of sexually transmitted infections among PrEP users and reported decreases in condom use in a subset, there were no new HIV infections in this population.

T-cell subsets were studied by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis in 57 feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-seropositive cats with naturally acquired FIV infection to see whether CD4(+)-CD8+ alterations were comparable to those observed in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. CD4+ values were decreased and CD8+ values were increased. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was reduced to 1.6, c...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections result in chronic virus replication and progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells, leading to immunodeficiency and death. In contrast, 'natural hosts' of SIV experience persistent infection with high virus replication but no severe CD4+ T cell depletion, and remain AIDS-free. One important difference between patho...