BACKGROUND & AIMS Bioactive ingredients have been shown to reduce appetite and energy intake. The magnitude of these effects might depend on energy balance why it was investigated how capsaicin, green tea, CH-19 sweet pepper as well as green tea and capsaicin affect appetite and energy intake during respectively negative and positive energy balance. METHODS 27 subjects were randomized to thre...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Hunger and satiety are generally regulated by the central nervous system (CNS) via the gut-brain axis and a number of hormones play critical roles in body weight management [3,4]. Among these hormones, the three most important hormones are leptin, ghrelin and insulin [5]. Leptin is a hormone secreted by fat cells which sends negative feedback signal...

Nutrition across the lifespan encompasses both preventative and treatment options to maintain health and vitality. This reviewwill focus on the challenge of overconsumption of energy relative to energy expenditure and the consequent development of overweight and obesity, since they are responsible formuchof the burdenof chronic disease in the developedworld.Understanding the mechanismsofhungera...

Obesity as a chronic disease is a major factor for insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes, which has become a global health problem. In the present study, we used resting state functional MRI to investigate the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations of spontaneous signal during both hunger and satiety states in 20 lean and 20 obese males. We found that, before food intake, obese men had signif...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the association between melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 alleles with obesity and eating behavior scores in Chilean children. METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 139 normal-weight and 238 obese children (ages 6-12 y). MC4R rs17782313 genotypes were determined by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction allelic-discrimination ass...

Higher-protein meals decrease hunger and increase satiety compared to lower-protein meals. However, no consensus exists about the different effects of animal and vegetable proteins on appetite. We investigated how a meal based on vegetable protein (fava beans/split peas) affected ad libitum energy intake and appetite sensations, compared to macronutrient-balanced, iso-caloric meals based on ani...

Many peptides are contained in specific cells distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Some are known to be released by the presence of specific components of food and to affect specific gastrointestinal functions related to digestion and absorption of nutrients. For many of the more recently identified peptides, however, stimuli for release and physiological functions are unknown. Im...

BACKGROUND Diets high in either resistant starch or protein have been shown to aid in weight management. We examined the effects of meals high in non-resistant or resistant starch with and without elevated protein intake on substrate utilization, energy expenditure, and satiety in lean and overweight/obese women. METHODS Women of varying levels of adiposity consumed one of four pancake test m...

Weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes are inversely associated with a high intake of insoluble cereal fibres. Because nutrient-induced changes of 'satiety hormones' from the gut may play a role in this process, we evaluated the effects of purified insoluble fibres on postprandial responses of plasma peptide YY (PYY), serum ghrelin and satiety as secondary outcome measures of a study investiga...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary protein and eating frequency on perceived appetite and satiety during weight loss. A total of 27 overweight/obese men (age 47 ± 3 years; BMI 31.5 ± 0.7 kg/m(2)) were randomized to groups that consumed an energy-restriction diet (i.e., 750 kcal/day below daily energy need) as either higher protein (HP, 25% of energy as protein, n ...