Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (gamma HV-68; also referred to as MHV-68) is a gammaherpesvirus which infects murid rodents. Previous studies showed that CD8 T cells are important for controlling gamma HV-68 replication during the first 2 weeks of infection and suggested a role for B cells in latent or persistent gamma HV-68 infection. To further define the importance of B cells and CD8 T cells duri...

The notion of a &Gamma-semigroup was introduced by Sen [8] in 1981. We can see that any semigroup can be considered as a &Gamma-semigroup. The aim of this article is to study the concept of (0-)minimal and max- imal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma-semigroups, and give some charac- terizations of (0-)minimal and maximal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma- semigroups analogous to the charact...

In [1,2,3], A. C. Baker and J.W. Baker studied the subspace Ma(S) of the convolution measure algebra M, (S) of a locally compact semigroup. H. Dzinotyiweyi in [5,7] considers an analogous measure space on a large class of C-distinguished topological semigroups containing all completely regular topological semigroups. In this paper, we extend the definitions to study the weighted semigroup ...

OBJECTIVE High-viscosity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HV-HPMC) is a modified cellulose fiber that produces a viscous gel in the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical trials demonstrate that consumption of HV-HPMC significantly lowers cholesterol, but limited information has been available on the influence of HV-HPMC on postprandial insulin and glucose responses. The objective of this investigation ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differences in hippocampal volume (HV) were compared between chronic primary insomniacs (PIs) and good sleepers (GSs), and the relationship between HV and memory function in PIs was investigated to clarify the effect of chronic sleep deprivation on brain structure and cognition. METHODS Twenty PIs (mean age, 50 years; 18 females) and 20 age-, gender-, and education-matc...

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with epilepsy. Previous studies have also shown increased rates of electroencephalographic (EEG) alteration in ASD patients without epilepsy. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity (IRDA/IRTA) events between high-functioning adult patients with ASD and matched healthy controls...

A cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness reduction of the abductor hallucis (AbH) is shown in subjects with hallux valgus (HV). To date, other soft-tissue structures have not been researched in relation with HV. The aim of this study was to compare the CSA and thickness of the intrinsic plantar muscles and fascia (PF) between feet with and without HV. Therefore, a cross-sectional and case-con...

Using the Korean public health insurance database, we analyzed patients diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from 2004 to 2008. Age and year-specific amount and seasonal variation of hospital visits (HV), duration of treatment (DT), the total and per capita amount of insurance payment (TAIP, PCIP) were evaluated. A total of 12,088,995 HV were studied. Total HV increased 1.7 times and...

Semigroups whose congruences form a chain are often termed ∆-semigroups. The commutative ∆-semigroups were determined by Schein and by Tamura. A natural generalization of commutativity is permutativity: a semigroup is permutative if it satisfies a non-identity permutational identity. We completely determine the permutative ∆-semigroups. It turns out that there are only six noncommutative exampl...

Abstract We present a theory of turbulence elasticity, which follows from delayed response of drift waves (DWs) to zonal flow (ZF) shears. It is shown that when |hV iZF |/ !k > 1, with |hV iZF | the ZF shearing rate and !k the local turbulence decorrelation rate, the ZF evolution equation is converted from a di↵usion equation to a telegraph equation. This insight provides a natural framework fo...