Cycle-linear hybrid automata (CLHAs), a new model of excitable cells that efficiently and accurately captures action-potential morphology and other typical excitable-cell characteristics such as refractoriness and restitution, is introduced. Hybrid automata combine discrete transition graphs with continuous dynamics and emerge in a natural way during the (piecewise) approximation process of any...

This product update forwards updates to both software and documentation. The software update is Release 18.2 of CPExpert. The release number indicates that it is the second release of 2008. provide updated documentation on CD; and (4) correct errors that have been reported. • Support z/OS Version 1 Release 10 (z/OS V1R10). z/OS V1R10 was made Generally Available (GA) by IBM in September 2008. S...

The objective of this work is to establish whether algal bio-crude production is environmentally, economically and socially sustainable. To this end, an economic multi-regional input-output model of Australia was complemented with engineering process data on algal bio-crude production. This model was used to undertake hybrid life-cycle assessment for measuring the direct, as well as indirect im...

A field study was conducted over 2 yr to determine the effects of transgenic sweet corn containing a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on the diversity and abundance of nontarget arthropods. The Bt hybrid (expressing Cry1Ab endotoxin for lepidopteran control) was compared with near-isogenic non-Bt and Bt hybrids treated with a foliar insecticide and with a near-isogenic non-Bt...

Life-cycle assessment ~LCA! is a technique that is used worldwide by clients and their design team to assess the impact of their projects on the environment. The main advantage of LCA is in supporting decision making with quantitative data. LCA inventories can be either fully developed or streamlined. Fully developed LCAs are time-consuming and costly to prepare. Streamlined LCAs can be used as...

System level understanding of the repetitive cycle of cell growth and division is crucial for disclosing many unexpected principles of biological organisms. The deterministic or stochastic approach are alone not sufficient to study such cell regulation due to the complex reaction network and the existence of reactions with different time scales. Thus, integration of both approaches is necessary...

We demonstrate the synthesis of NH3 from N2 and H2O at ambient conditions in a single reactor by coupling hydrogen generation from catalytic water splitting to a H2-oxidizing bacterium Xanthobacter autotrophicus, which performs N2 and CO2 reduction to solid biomass. Living cells of X. autotrophicus may be directly applied as a biofertilizer to improve growth of radishes, a model crop plant, by ...

Models of biochemical systems presented as a set of formal reaction rules can be interpreted in different formalisms, most notably as either deterministic Ordinary Differential Equations, stochastic continuous-time Markov Chains, Petri nets or Boolean transition systems. While the formal composition of reaction systems can be syntactically defined as the (multiset) union of the reactions, the c...

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...

We introduce the notion of log R-maps, and develop a proper moduli stack stable R-maps in case hybrid gauged linear sigma model. Two virtual cycles (canonical reduced) are constructed for these stacks. The main results two comparison theorems relating reduced cycle to cosection localized cycle, as well canonical cycle. This sets foundation new technique computing higher genus Gromov-Witten inva...