The energy demand in the World is increasing day by day due to rapidly increasing population and advancement in science and technology. But in present era there are too many obstacles which decrease the consumption of electricity for common peoples, high cost of fuel, high demand and low supply of fuel. Fuels like coal, petroleum, CNG, LPG, nuclear energy are depleting day by day and also degra...

For the simulation of electrical power systems (adjustable speed drives, wind farms, complete grids, etc.) the Kirchhoff’s model is used. Each of the components of this model (transmission line, circuit breaker, electrical machines, etc.) is represented by an equivalent circuit. These equivalent circuit models are unable to take precisely into account the non-linearities of the electrical machi...

The relativistic kinetic equations for the two domains separated by the hypersurface with both spaceand time-like parts are derived. The particle exchange between the domains separated by the time-like boundaries generates source terms and modifies the collision term of the kinetic equation. The correct hydrodynamic equations for the “hydro+cascade” models are obtained and their differences fro...

Turbine is the most critical component in hydropower plants because it affects the cost as well as overall performance of the plant. Hence, for the cost effective design of any hydropower project, it is very important to predict the hydraulic behavior and efficiency of hydro turbines before they are put in actual use. Experimental approach of predicting the performance of hydro turbine is costl...

The deregulation of power system has created an environment of competitiveness among different market players and the transmission lines are forced to operate near to their thermal or stability limits. It is a challenge with System Operators (SO) to ensure a secure and reliable transmission of power under these conditions. This paper proposes a rescheduling based congestion management strategy ...

In the title compound, C14H13NO3, the dihedral angles between the central pyrrolidine ring and the pendant tetra-hydro-furan and phenyl rings are 5.34 (18) and 58.99 (17)°, respectively. The tetra-hydro-furan ring is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.008 Å). In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O inter-actions, generating a three-dimensional network.

The title compound, 6,7-de-hydro-royleanone, C20H26O3 [systematic name: (4bS)-3-hy-droxy-2-isopropyl-4b,8,8-trimethyl-4b,5,6,7,8,8a-hexa-hydro-phenanthrene-1,4-dione] was isolated from Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. The compound crystallizes in the space group P21. The crystal structure features two O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the [010] direction.

In the title mol-ecule, C11H10ClFO2, the benzene ring, the F atom and the O atom of the di-hydro-pyran ring are essentially coplanar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.007 Å. The di-hydro-pyran ring is in a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by pairs of weak C-H⋯π hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers.

In this paper we analyze whether real-time compensation of wind power plant deviation penalties is profitable by means of the coordinated optimization of the wind power plant with a pumped-storage hydro-plant. We shall make use of optimal control techniques to carry out the optimization. We shall also analyze another possible solution based on compensation carried out a posteriori, instead of i...

In this work, Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed for Load Frequency Control (LFC) of interconnected multi–area hydrothermal power systems. Area 1&2 are thermal power systems and area 3 is a hydro power system, all the areas are interconnected through the appropriate tie-line. Thermal and hydro power plants are applied with reheat turbine and e...