It is shown that the classical description of pair production effect is possible, i.e. one can describe pair production without a reference to quantum principles. Pair production appears at statistical description of stochastic relativistic particles. There is a special force field which is responsible for pair production. This field is a reasonable consequence of quantum stochasticity. Conside...

We report measurements of slip length at smooth and rough hydrophilic silica surfaces, using the hydrodynamic force measurement atomic force microscope (AFM). There has been some debate in the literature as to whether the boundary condition between a solid and a wetting fluid is one of no-slip or partial-slip; in particular the results of Neto et al. (C. Neto, V. S. J. Craig and D. R. M. Willia...

For advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of chemical surface modifications or very soft organic sample surfaces, the AFM probe tip needs to be operated in a liquid environment because any attractive or repulsive forces influenced by the measurement environment could obscure molecular forces. Due to fluid properties, the mechanical behavior of the AFM cantilever is influenced by ...

Rearrangement of tertiary structure in response to mechanical force (termed tertiary structure elasticity) in the tandem Ig chain is the first mode of elastic response for muscle protein titin. Tertiary structure elasticity occurs at low stretching forces (few tens of pN), and was described at atomic resolution in a recent molecular dynamics study, in which an originally crescent-shaped six-Ig ...

On using the Ericksen-Leslie continuum theory, the interfacial hydrodynamic stability of a nematic layer has been investigated. The layer is assumed to be influenced by an external vertical periodic body force. A general form of the deformations of the interface is considered. The normal modes technique has been utilized. The coupling between hydrodynamic motion and internal degrees of freedom ...

Abstract The use of optical tweezers to measure forces acting upon microscopic particles has revolutionised fields from material science cell biology. However, despite control capabilities, this technology is highly constrained by the properties probe, and its may be limited due concerns about effect on biological processes. Here we present a novel, optically controlled trapping method based li...

The large plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) senses hydrodynamic forces in the bloodstream and responds to elevated forces with abrupt elongation, thereby increasing its adhesiveness to platelets and collagen. Remarkably, forces on VWF are elevated at sites of vascular injury, where VWF's hemostatic potential is important to mediate platelet aggregation and to recruit platelets to ...

Hydrodynamic lift forces offer a convenient way to manipulate particles in microfluidic applications, but there is little quantitative information on how non-inertial lift mechanisms act and compete with each other in the confined space of microfluidic channels. This paper reports measurements of lift forces on nearly spherical drops and bubbles, with diameters from one quarter to one half of t...

This paper describes the development of the second‐generation Spherical Underwater Robot (SUR‐II). The new SUR‐II has an improved propulsion system structure, resulting in better performance compared with the original design. This paper focuses on the characteristics of the water‐jet thruster and the spherical hull of the SUR‐II. To analyse its hydrodynamic charac...