Aqueous (hydrophilic) and chloroform (Lipophilic) extracts of nine medicinal plants currently used in traditional medicine, in Egypt, to treat some gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders were tested for their gastro-protective effect against the incidence of peptic ulcer. Indomethacin-induced ulcer in a rat model was used for this testing. Mentha microphylla, Brassica oleracea Capitata (Cabbage...

Wood extractives including resin acids, fatty acids and phenolics can be a high percentage of the total organics that exist in pulp and paper mill solid organic waste. These substances are difficult to break down under anaerobic digestion conditions, and have inhibitory effects on methane production. In this study, two different hydrothermal treatment techniques (wet oxidation and thermal hydro...

Recently, the beech forests of southern Central Europe (including large parts of the Illyrian region) have been syntaxonomically revised, using a TURBOVEG database containing more than 5800 relevés, mainly from Austria, Switzerland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia and Croatia. The same TURBOVEG database was used to calculate patterns of alpha and beta diversity within beech fores...

In this paper we evaluate the feasibility of estimating the previous distribution of a tree species, the beech, from the analysis of toponyms presently in use and referring to this species. Specialists from toponymy, agromomy and geometics have been involved. Toponyms are a precious source of information about past distribution: more than 6100 toponyms referring to beech have been detected. MOT...

Liebig14 was the first to try to find some scientific basis for the traditional concept that meat extractives in the form of meat juice and broth are valuable dietary components. He went to the extreme and claimed that the extractives alone are valuable and that the pressed residue is worthless. Later he modified this radical viewpoint but continued, against strongly opposing opinions, to stres...

A non-random sampling design allowed to distinguish within a virgin beech ecosystem two main components of humus profile heterogeneity. The stratification of the profile into horizons reflects changes in the composition of the soil/litter matrix occurring under the influence of the anisotropic deposition of leaf and wood litter and the stratified occurrence of soil organisms (roots, microbes, a...

Beech leaves were sampled at the end of a prolonged hot dry period at a tree decline site in the Black Forest, Germany to investigate the potential role of flavanols in defense mechanisms against environmental stress. Green and yellowing leaves were harvested from the uppermost canopy of trees that were more than 200 years old and 30 m high. Yellowing leaves had a 7.4-fold higher concentration ...

In the Retezat Mountains concentrations of O3, NO2 and SO2 in summer season 2000-2002 were low and below toxicity levels for forest trees. While NH3 concentrations were low in 2000, the 2001 and 2002 concentrations were elevated indicating possibility for increased N deposition to forest stands. More than 90% of the rain events were acidic with pH values <5.5, contributing to increased acidity ...

We examine the height growth, diameter growth and below-ground allocation responses of mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides) seedlings to the experimental removal of root competition through root trenching and the addition of fertiliser within relatively intact-canopied mountain beech forest in the Craigieburn Range, Canterbury. Trenching and trenching combined with fertilise...