Fetal Atrial Septoplasty Is Performed for Left Atrial Decompression but not for Enhancing Preload to a Hypoplastic Left Heart To the Editor: I thank Drs de Almeida, McQuinn, and Sedmera for demonstrating that an increase in ventricular preload is compensated by myocyte proliferation in normal and hypoplastic fetal chick left ventricle.1 The results of their study clearly provide further impetus...

The term, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS), initially proposed by Noonan and Nadas,8 describes a diminutive left ventricle with underdevelopment of mitral and aortic valves. A patent foramen ovale or an atrial septal defect is usually present. The ventricular septum is usually intact. A large patent ductus arteriosus supplies blood to the systemic circulation. Coarctation of the aorta is ...

BACKGROUND For major congenital heart disease, the benefits of antenatal diagnosis on some post-natal measures have been suggested. However, findings have been inconclusive and focus on short term outcome measures alone with little data from a UK population. Our aim is to describe differences in reported outcomes for patients born with isolated Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome or Transposition o...

Hypoplastic left heart complex (HLHC) consists of less severe underdevelopment of the left ventricle without intrinsic left valvular stenosis, i.e., a subset of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). HLHC patients may be able to undergo biventricular repair, while HLHS requires single ventricle palliation (or transplant). However, there is no consensus regarding the likelihood of favorable out...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes over the past two decades in hospital survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes after surgical treatment for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The hypothesis for this study is that increasing hospital survival following the Stage I Norwood (S1N) procedure is associated with improvements in neurodevelopmental outcomes. Studies included in the me...

Histopathological studies were made on 9 necropsy specimens of ductus arteriosus with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and I with rubella syndrome. A control group of 40 normal specimens were also studied. In the 17th week of gestation, ductus arteriosus was composed of few elastic fibers, a thick continuous internal elastic lamina and a wide hypocellular area. In the 8th month of gestation, the...

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a form of congenital heart disease characterized by severe underdevelopment of the left heart, leading to inadequate systemic blood flow. Several different atrial septal morphologies are observed in HLHS, most commonly a secundum atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale, intact septum, and leftward displacement of the superior attachment of the septum...