Efforts to provide HIV prevention, treatment, and care to injecting drug users (IDU) are shaped by tensions between approaches that regard IDU as criminals and those regarding drug-dependent individuals as patients deserving treatment and human rights. Advocates for IDU health and human rights find common cause in urging greater attention to legal frameworks, the effects of police abuses, and t...

BACKGROUND Russia has one of the world's fastest growing HIV epidemics and it has been largely concentrated among injection drug users (IDU). St Petersburg, Russia's second largest city, is one of the country's regions that has been most affected by the HIV epidemic. To monitor the current epidemic situation, we sought to estimate recent HIV incidence among IDU in St Petersburg. METHODS In a ...

BACKGROUND Vietnam has a concentrated HIV epidemic with injection drug use being the dominant mode of HIV transmission. Vietnam has rapidly expanded antiretroviral therapy (ART) and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). This study aims to analyze ART uptake and retention among male clients receiving MMT in Vietnam in the early phase of the MMT program. METHODS The male clients (age ≥18) who we...

Abstract Background Patients with substance use disorder (SUD) are frequently admitted to hospitals for invasive infections and may have poor infection outcomes including non-adherence lack of completion therapy. Methods In this retrospective cohort 263 hospital encounters among 201 patients due SUD an urban tertiary care facility, we looked at characteristics assess whether there were differen...

Patterns of risk in injecting drug user (IDU) networks have been a key focus of network approaches to HIV transmission histories. New network modeling techniques allow for a reexamination of these patterns with greater statistical accuracy and the comparative weighting of model elements. This paper describes the results of a reexamination of network data from the SFHR and P90 data sets using Ex...

5-IoDo-2'-DEOXYURIDINE (IDU) is an antimetabolite that acts by displacing thymidine from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This results in inhibition of DNA synthesis, which particularly affects virus particles in the active replication of herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits (Kaufman, Nesburn, and Maloney, 1962; Perkins, Wood, Sears, Prusoff, and Welch, 1962). Following the report of effective treat...