The communication security is set up by registration during the first beliefand get in touch between two human beings. The safety codes among them aregenerated and the records are blocked by these protection codes if the end user is not therequired one. On the other hand, the unlocked records are transmitted if the required enduser is confirmed by the feedback brain signals via the comments min...

in this paper, we study the chebyshev centres of bounded subsets of normed spaces and obtain a norm inequality for relative centres. in particular, we prove that if t is a remotal subset of an inner product space h, and f is a star-shaped set at a relative chebyshev centre c of t with respect to f, then llx - qt (x)1i2 2 ilx-cll2 + ilc-qt (c) 112 x e f, where qt : f + t is any choice function s...

let $g=(v,e)$ be a simple graph. a set $ssubseteq v$ isindependent set of $g$,  if no two vertices of $s$ are adjacent.the  independence number $alpha(g)$ is the size of a maximumindependent set in the graph. in this paper we study and characterize the independent sets ofthe zero-divisor graph $gamma(r)$ and ideal-based zero-divisor graph $gamma_i(r)$of a commutative ring $r$.

This study evaluates how people represent “even if” conditionals when they have to integrate them with previous “if then” conditionals and also make an inference. The terms in the premises were ordered to facilitate their integration (Figure 1: If A then B; Even if B C). In half the cases, the “even if” conditional was expressed with a negation instead of an affirmation (If A then B; Even if no...

‎let $s$ be a subset of a finite group $g$‎. ‎the bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,s)$ of $g$ with respect to $s$ is an undirected graph with vertex set $gtimes{1,2}$ and edge set ${{(x,1),(sx,2)}mid xin g‎, ‎ sin s}$‎. ‎a bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,s)$ is called a bci-graph if for any bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,t)$‎, ‎whenever ${rm bcay}(g,s)cong {rm bcay}(g,t)$ we have $t=gs^alpha$ for some $...

A subset $S$ of vertex set $V(D)$ is an {em indpendent dominating set} of $D$ if $S$ is both an independent and a dominating set of $D$. The {em indpendent domination number}, $i(D)$ is the cardinality of the smallest independent dominating set of $D$. In this paper we calculate the independent domination number of the { em cartesian product} of two {em directed paths} $P_m$ and $P_n$ for arbi...

Youth unemployment: a public health problem set to worsen if older people work longer In 2012 the coalition government decided to increase the retirement age and reform public sector pensions. 1 The logic behind this is that increased life expectancy makes payouts under the old terms unsustainable for the public purse. I believe this move is misguided for several reasons. Life spans have indeed...

In a previous paper [Pearl and Verma, 1991] we presented an algorithm for extracting causal influences from independence informa­ tion, where a causal influence was defined as the existence of a directed arc in all mini­ mal causal models consistent with the data. In this paper we address the question of de­ ciding whether there exists a causal model that explains ALL the observed dependencies ...

We compare two versions of a symmetric two-queue polling model with switchover times and setup times. The SI version has State-Independent setups, according to which the server sets up at the polled queue whether or not work is waiting there; and the SD version has State-Dependent setups, according to which the server sets up only when work is waiting at the polled queue. Naive intuition would ...