Empirical evidence for the U.S. suggests that illicit consumption of opioids increases in association with socio-economic deprivation middle-class. To explore underlying mechanisms, we set up a task-based labor market model endogenous mental health status and care system. The decline tasks were historically performed by middle class associated share mentally distressed workers. Mentally workers...

Aim: Patterns and prevalence of psychoactive drug use are unique in the professions vary by profession as well type practice (e.g., private/public), gender, career stage. In this study, we attempt to summarise results research over past decades on illegal substances law enforcement officers.Methodology: A literature search was performed PubMed, HeinOnline, GoogleScholar other relavant database ...

Psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin are often claimed to be capable of inducing life-changing experiences described as mystical or transcendental, especially if high doses are taken. The present study examined possible enduring effects of such experiences by comparing users of psychedelic drugs (n = 88), users of nonpsychedelic illegal drugs (e.g., marijuana, amphetamines) (n = 29) and...

In recent decades, the presence of micropollutants in the environment has been extensively studied due to their high frequency of occurrence, persistence and possible adverse effects to exposed organisms. Concerning chiral micropollutants in the environment, enantiomers are frequently ignored and enantiomeric composition often neglected. However, enantioselective toxicity is well recognized, hi...

BACKGROUND Multiple studies have documented the incidence of illicit drug use and abuse of opioids. Over the years, several hypotheses have been proposed. Short-acting opioids such as hydrocodone are generally considered to predispose patients to poor pain management, dependency, misuse, or abuse; whereas long-acting opioids such as methadone are thought to provide sustained pain management wit...