BACKGROUND We investigated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of autotransplanted teeth over a follow-up period of 2 to 8 years, and summarize the findings of other relevant studies with regard to the primary factors that influence a good prognosis in such patients. METHODS Twenty-three patients (6 men, 17 women) who attended Tanggu Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China, from 2008 throu...

c bstract his case report describes the treatment of a nec mmature permanent central incisor with comple rown fracture, suspected root fracture, and sinus tr hich was not treated with conventional apexificat echniques. Instead, a regenerative approach based he trauma literature’s methods for revascularizati as provided. The root canal was gently debride ecrotic tissue with a sharp spoon excavat...

An immature tooth with early irreversible pulp involvement presents with thin divergent or parallel dentinal walls. This situation creates clinical challenges in disinfection, and as a result, affects the long-term outcome of the treatment. Traditionally, calcium hydroxide has been used as the intra-canal medicament in apexification procedures. However, because of its high pH it will cause necr...

Practitioners face several challenges during the root canal treatment of teeth with wide or immature apices, one of which is working length determination. There is relatively little data regarding the value of radiography and electronic apex locator (EAL) use when root formation is incomplete, and supplementary measurement techniques may be helpful. This review considers length determination fo...

AIM To report the endodontic treatment of an immature maxillary central incisor with dens invaginatus. SUMMARY Dens invaginatus is a rare malformation of teeth, probably resulting from an infolding of the dental papilla during tooth development. The present case describes the complex endodontic treatment of a type III dens invaginatus in an immature maxillary central incisor with a necrotic p...

A 20-year-old woman was referred suffering from occasional, spontaneous toothache around the maxillary right central incisor (UR1). This radiated to an area underneath the nose and varied in intensity, but could be sufficiently bad to disrupt normal activity, such as driving a car. She was unable to bite on the tooth without discomfort. When she was nine years old, she had tripped and fallen on...

OBJECTIVES Immature anterior teeth are at high risk of root fracture following root canal treatment. The literature was explored to determine the current status for post-endodontic restorative management of these teeth. DATA AND SOURCES The authors explored multiple search engine databases to November 2008. Experiments included in the review involved simulated human or animal immature teeth w...

Endodontic management of the teeth with immature apices and necrotic pulps has always been challenging. Therefore fabrication of an artificial hard tissue barrier with a biomaterial has indicated as an alternative to more traditional apexification procedure. Successful endodontic treatment needs to prevent leakage of intracanal irritants into the peri radicular tissues. On the other hand, achie...

trauma to primary teeth can lead to devastating sequels in development of permanent successors. the disturbance may range from enamel hypoplasia and/or hypo-calcification to arrest of dental bud development. crown dilaceration of permanent teeth is one of the consequences of trauma to deciduous teeth mainly due to intrusion or avulsion. this report presents a mandibular central incisor with dil...